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what is inspiration?
intake of air into the lungs
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what is expiration?
the expire of air out of lungs
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inspiration is....
increase in the volume of thorax to allow intake of air into the lungs
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expiration is....
decrease in volume of thorax that pushes air out of lungs
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what is the diaphragm?
the muscle that control inspiration and expiration
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what are the muscles that assist in heavy breathing?
- -pectoralis minor
- -sternocleidomastoid
- -scalenes
- (to increase thoracic volume)
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what is the normal atmospheric pressure?
760 mmHg
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what is the alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure when the diaphragm is at rest?
- -Alveolar pressure = 760 mmHg
- -Intrapleural pressure = 756 mmHg
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what is the alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure when the diaphragm is contracting (inspiration)?
- -Alveolar pressure = 758 mmHg
- -Intrapleural pressure = 754 mmHg
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what is the alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure when the diaphragm is relaxing (expiration)?
- -Alveolar pressure = 762 mmHg
- -Intrapleural pressure = 756 mmHg
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what is the fluid between the two layer of the lungs called?
pleural fluid
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what helps the lungs to inflate?
pleural fluid
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what is boyle's law?
the boyle's state that pressure and volume are inversly corralated...
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what is the general gas law?
- P=nRT/ V
- P= pressure
- n= moles of gas present
- R= gas constant
- t= temperature
- V= volume
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pressure is ______ related to volume
inversely
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as the volume ______ in the thorax, the pressure _______.
increase, decrease
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when the thorax is expanded, the pressure outside the lungs is _______ than inside the lungs.
higher
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to reestablish equilibrium gas will move from areas of _____ ______, to areas of _____ ______.
higer pressure, lower pressure
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raising chest volume _____ volume in alveoli and ______ pressure in the alveoli.
raises, reduces
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what causes lungs to expand as thorax expands?
plurae fluid
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at the end of expiration ______ and _____ pressures are equal.
outside, intrapulmonary
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durning inspiration....
volume of _____ and ____ increases,
_______ volume increase,
_______ pressure drops
____ moves into ____due to pressure differences
- thorax, lungs
- Alveolar
- alveolar
- air
, alveoli
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______ assist in inflating the lungs, and _______ assist in deflating the lungs.
plural fluid, elastic fibers
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intrapleural pressure is measured between?
parietal and visceral pleurae
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