The joint between the parietal bones is classified as what type of joint?
A)
cartilaginous
B)
fibrous
C)
synovial
D)
amphiarthrosis
b
The science of the study of the anatomy, function, dysfunction, and treatment of joints is called ________________.
A)
kinesiology
B)
biomechanics
C)
arthrology
c
The type of joint known as gomphosis is found in what part of the body?
A)
the cranium
B)
the leg
C)
the thumb
D)
the tooth sockets
d
An example of the type of joint known as a symphysis can be found between the
A)
left and right pubic bones.
B)
vertebrae.
C)
tibia and the fibula.
D)
tibia and the patella.
a
This unusual synovial joint type allows for thumb opposability.
A)
pivot
B)
saddle
C)
condyloid
D)
gliding
b
This joint allows for multiaxial movements.
A)
pivot
B)
ball-and-socket
C)
condyloid
D)
gliding
b
If you decrease the angle of your forearm with respect to the arm then you have made which movement?
A)
adduction
B)
depression
C)
flexion
D)
extension
c
The rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly is called ________________.
A)
pronation
B)
supination
C)
inversion
D)
eversion
a
Wear and tear" arthritis describes which disease?
A)
osteoarthritis
B)
rheumatoid arthritis
C)
gout
D)
osteofascitis
a
These specialized cartilages in the knee absorb shock.
C)
Another name for synostosis (SIN-oss-TOE-sis) is:
and give an example
a boney joint
Example: epiphysial plate clousure
another name for synarthrosis (SIN- ar-THRO-sis) or synarthrodial joint is:
And give an example:
a fibrous joint
Example: the skull
the point at which adjacetn bones are bound by collage fibers that emerge from one bone, cross space between them and penetrate into another is called:
synarthrosis or synarthrodial joint
an immoveable joint formed when the gap between two bones ossifies and they become a single bone is called:
synostosis
List the three types of subtypes of synarthrodial joints/synarthorsis:
Sutures - serrate, lap, plane
gomphosis (gom-FOE-sis) - tooth to socket
syndesmosis (SIN-dez-MO-sis) - long callagenous fibers (radius/ulna)
Another name for a ampiarthrosis (AM-fee-ar-THRO-sis) or ampiathrodial joint is:
Give an Example:
cartilaginous joint
Example:pubis symphysis
List the two subtypes of ampiarthrodial joints/ampiarthorsis:
synchondrosis (SIN-con-DRO-sis) - bones bound by hyaline cartilage: EX - joint b/w epiphysis/diaphysis in long bone child + attachmnet 1st rib to sternum
symphysis ( SIM-fih-sis) - bones joined by fibrocartilage : EX- pubic symphysis + 2 vertebraes united by intervertebral disc
a layer of hyaline cartilage in synovial joints is called:
articular cartilage
the articular cartilage are separted by a narrow space called the ________, containing a slippery lubericant called synovial fluid
joint (articular) cavity
the fluid wihd is rich in alumin and hyaluronic aicd, which gives it a viscous, slippery texture similar to raw egg whites is called:
synovial fluid
a connective tissue ______ encloses the cavity and retains the fluid.
joint capsule
another name for diarthrosis (DY-ar-THRO-sis) or diarthrodial joint is:
Give an example
synovial joint
Example: knee
a tissue that attaches one bone to another is called a:
ligament
a strip or sheet of tough collagenous connective tissue that attaches muscle to a bone is called:
a tendon
a fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid that cushions muscles and helps tendons slide more easily over the joints is called:
a bursa
an elongated cylindriacl bursae wrapped around a tendon, that enables tendons to move back and forth more freely in tight spaces such as the wrist and ankle, is called:
the thendon sheath
two cartilages that extend inward from the left and right but do not entirely cross at the joint is called a _______, in which absorbs shock/pressure, guide bones across each other, and stabilize the joint.
meniscus
the degrees through which a joint can move is called:
range of motion
what determins range of motion?
1. structure of the articular surfaces of the bones: EX- elbow cant go past 180 b/c the olecranon of ulna swings into olecranon fossa of humerus
2. Strength and tautness: cruciate ligaments prevent hyperextension
3. Actions of muscles/tendons: pairs of muscles oppose each other, muscle tone (resting muscle, stabilize joint)
the movement of a body part in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body is called:
abduction: EX - moving the feet apart to stand spread-legged
the movement in teh frontal plane back towards the midline is called:
adduction
the moveement that raises a body part vertically in the frontal plane is called:
Elevation: Ex- to lift a suitcase off the floor, you elevate the scapula
the movment in which a body part is lowered in the frontal plane is called:
depression: EX - to set the suitcase donw again, you depress the scapula
the anterior movement of a body part in teh transverse (horizontal) plane is called:
protraction: EX - shoulders protraction when you reach forward to open a door
the posterior movement in the transvers plane is called:
retraction: EX - pulling the shoulders back to stand in a military position
the movement in which one end of the appendage remains fairly stationary while the other end makes a circular motion is called:
circumduction
a movement in which the bone spins on a longtiudinal axis is called:
rotation
elbow bent, move forearm to place palm agains your abdomen, your humerus spins in a motion called:
the oppostite motion where forearm points away from body, the humerus exhibits:
medial (internal) rotation
lateral( external) rotation
a movement that turns the palm to face anteriorly or upward is called:
the opposite movement, causing the palm to face posteriorly or downward is called:
supination
pronation
a movement that decreases a joint angle, usually in the sagittal plane is called:
Flexion
a movement that straightens a joint and generally returns a body part to the zero position is called:
extension
the further extension of a joint beyond the zero position is called:
hyperextension
tilting the head or turnk to the right or left of the midline is called:
lateral flexion
twisting at the waist or turing the head is called:
right or left rotation
the side to side movement of the madible is called:
lateral/medial excursion
the hand tilted towards the little finger is called
ulnar flexion
the hand tilted towards the thumb is called:
raidal flexion
Ball&Socket:
Degree of movement:
Description:
Example:
Degree of movement: multiaxial
Description: most moveable, extend/hyperextend/flexion, largest degree of rotation
Example: Sholder, Knee
Pivot Degree of movement:
Description:
Example:
Degree of movement: monaxial
Description: bone spins on logititudional axis
Example: C1 + C2, radialulnar
Saddle Degree of movement:
Description:
Example:
Degree of movement: Biaxial
Description: both bones are shaped like a saddle
Example: trapezio/metacarpals, sternoclavical
Hinge Degree of Movement:
Description:
Example:
Degree of movement: monaxial
Description: convex peice fits into a concave peice
Example: knee, elbow, interphalanges
Plane Degree of Movement:
Description:
Example:
Degree of movement: monaxial
Description: Rotate, slide over each other, limited motion, significant motion when combind in a group
Example: intercarples of wrist
Condylar Degree of movement:
Description:
Example:
Degree of movement: biaxial
Description: convex fits into a concave, oval
Example: Raidalcarpal, metacarpals/phalanges
Which of the following is not a type of fibrous joint?
B.
Which of the following types of joints is only biaxial?
C.
The atlantoaxial joint is an example of which of the following?
a. plane jointb. pivot jointc. condylar jointd. hinge joint
b
which of the following sturctures attaches a bone to another bone?
B.
If you are shaking you head from side to side to say "no", you are preforming what type of movement, using which type of joint?
B.
Match the following definitions with the movemement:
Pronation
Abduction
Plantar Flexion
Inversion
a. moving soles medially
b. turning the palm to face posteriorly
c. movement in the frontal plane away from midline
d. anterior movement within the transverse plane
e. pointing toes downward
