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study of what the body does to the drug molecules (or the effect of the body on the drug)
Pharmacokinetics
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•Involves
–1. Absorption
–2. Distribution
–3. Metabolism
–4. Excretion
Pharmacokinetics
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process by which a drug is transferred from its site of entry into the body to the bloodstream
Absorption
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Route of administration (IV faster than oral)
Factors that affect absorption
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Lipid solubility (Lipid soluble drug absorbed faster)
Factors that affect absorption
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pH (Acidic drugs absorbed in stomach)
Factors that affect absorption
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Blood flow (Absorption decreased with impaired circulation)
Factors that affect absorption
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Local conditions at site (IM injection/burn)
Factors that affect absorption
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movement of drug by the circulatory system to the site of action
Distribution
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Factors that affect _________;
–Blood flow to tissues
–Drug’s ability to leave bloodstream
–Drug’s ability to enter cells
Distribution
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break down of a drug into a different form
Metabolism
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Liver is primary site for
Metabolism
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Other sites: kidney, lungs, etc.
Metabolism
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Decreased function of metabolic organs =
decreased metabolism of drug
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after drug is broken down and metabolized, the metabolites need to be removed from the body
Excretion
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Kidneys _______ most drugs
excrete
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Other sites: lungs, bile/feces, sweat, salivary, and mammary glands
Excretion
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