Fitness Assessment

• General Medical History
• Occupation
• Lifestyle
• Past Injuries
• Past Surgeries
• Chronic Conditions
• Medications

• -Antihypertensive (high BP) or for arrhythmia (irregular heart rate)
• -HR Down BP Down

• -Hypertension and angina (chest pain)
• -HR Up, Down or no effect BP Down

• -Hypertension or congestive heart failure
• -HR Up or no effect BP Down or no effect

• -Hypertension, congestive heart failure, peripheral edema
• -HR no effect BP Down or no effect

• -Correct or prevent bronchial smooth muscle constriction in individuals with asthma and other pulmonary diseases
• -HR no effect BP no effect

• -Hypertension and congestive heart failure
• -HR Up, Down or no effect BP Down

• -Psychiatric and emotional disorders
• -HR Up or no effect BP Down or no effect

• Ankle Sprain
• Knee (ligaments)
• Lower Back
• Shoulder

• Cardiovascular Disease
• Hypertension
• High Cholesterol
• Stroke
• Lung or Breathing problems
• Obesity
• Diabetes mellitus

• Physiologic
• Body-composition
• Cardiorespiratory
• Movement (posture)
• Performance

• Top BP Number
• Pressure produced by heart as pumps blood to body 120-130
• -Listen for first observation of pulse

• Bottom BP number
• Minimum pressure within arteries through full cardiac cycle 80 to 85
• -Listen for when pulse fades away

Blood pressure cuff, pressure meter, bulb w/valve, stethoscope

• Body fat
• Circumference
• Hip to waist ratio
• Body Mass index

• Skin Fold Calipers (subcutaneous fat or beneath the skin) (Durnin formula)
• Bioelectrical Impedance
• Underwater Weighing (fat vs. lean body tissue)

• 
• -Bicep: vertical fold on front of arm over bicep halfway between shoulder and elbow
• -Tricep: Vertical fold on back of arm halfway between shoulder and elbow
• -Subscapular: 45 degree angle fold of 1 to 2cm below inferior angle of scapula
• -Iliac Crest: 45 degree angle fold just above iliac crest and medial to axillary line

• Neck (across adams)
• Chest (nipple line)
• Waist (narrowest point of waist, below rib cage)
• -if no narrowing, measure at navel
• Hips (feet together, widest part of buttocks)
• Thighs (ten inches above top of patella)
• Calves (at maximum circum)
• Biceps (at maximal circum, arm extended and palm forward)

Divide smallest part of waist by largest part of hip

• Waist/Hip
• 

• Weight and heigh correlation
• Divide Body Weight (kilorgams)/By height in meters squared
• -Oesity related problems when BMI is above 25
• 

• Three minute step test
• Rockport walk test

Alignment of muskuloskeletal system that allows center of gravity to be maintained over base of support

Ability of neuromuscular system to monitor and manipulate movement during functional tasks using least amount of energy, creating least amount of stress on kinetic chain

Maintaining state of balance in alignment of kinetic chain

Ability of neuromuscular system to contract eccentrically, isometrically and concentrically in a 3 planes

Predictable occurrences of muscle imbalances caused by altered movement pattern

Assesses dynamic flexibility on both sides of the body and integrated total body strength

Assess ankle proprioception, core strength and hip joint stability

• Lower back arching
• Shoulder Elevation
• Head protrudes forward