Ling test 2 notes.txt

the larest unit of meaning.

lexemes

the smallest unit of meaning. can be free or bound.

cut(s). (s) is bound to the free (cut). bound has to be combined with another morphem.

the coreet order of the bits that make up a sentence.

the smallest units of sound that contain meaning

the study of the behavior of morphemes

Your vocabulary. it is the most loose meaning we loose words and gain words all the time.

study of meaning that is used by humans to express themselves through language.

Lexical and Gramatical

like marry to marriage. the ending is changed which changes the meaning

like cat(s). the s does not change the meaning just the plurality of the word.

form is cats(the s). Function to make cat plural.

Same function can have different forms.

cats, dogs, horeses all use s but with different words.

the study of sounds with out direct meaning. can be broken up intosounds which do not directly carry meaning.

combination of counds that follow rules.

the study of the production and classification of human speech sounds.

International Phonetic Association.

wanted to set up a symble for each sound.

covential Representation of the sounds in a language.

the diffent relization of the same symbole. like no you didunt

test for phomen pairs, two words that sound the same except a certant sound.

Big and Pig.

are wen air comes inward instead of pushing out as in explosive. usually in white suthern speech.

if we constrict the air stream, we get the continual compressed air that is a fricative

start as stops then continue like fricatives. usually combinations of sounds that are common

allow air to exit nose.

Means side, the air stream comes down sides of tong

roll our toung back

flap your tong on top of your mouth

a trill that means quickly reapeated like the r's is spanish that I cant do

goes from lip spreading to lip rounding

Goes from lip rounding to spreading

8 primary and 8 secondary. they are gien numbers (not really going to use this)

to two adjacent vowel sounds occurring within the same syllable.

is more about content.

the content of what is said. the meaning of a word or of several words ora sentence.

like a dictionary definition. (winter is a season)

the speakers attitude towards the word. (winter is cold) (cold is subjective)

the idea that a sign evokes (conotation)

like a denotation

they are not different meanings just parts of the same meaning.

two or more related meanings. Like bright can meant light or smart

entirally distict meaning

two words that mean the same thing.such as youth and adalesence

words that mean the oposite. boy and gir, cold and hot

2 senences that have the same meaning

sentance A&B a entails b if the truth of a proves teh truth of b.

thruth of a makes b false

Rih is an example. there iso definite amount that makes someone rih. there is no clear line.

(protypical) like a sparrow is more of a bird than an osterage. (all relative)

When u put a context into a word. (encoding). swagger is an example because it combines motion and maner.

Gramatical words put concept into them. like 'ed makes a word past tense.

like how you know something

Non language meanings

an assumtion or beliefe based on a word choice.

Rules for communication. lots of times we do these unknowingly. also could be a wise saying

relevence, quality, quantity, manor

to be relevent with what you way. Want to come to the party? NO I have homework to do.

Make your contribution true. Its snowing in austin always! (wrong)

Dont say to much or too little (be appropriate).

avoid ambuguity or absbuity.like teacher starts talking to english students in russian. (not appropriate)

Speech in which an r is made following a vowel or another constantant

lengthen the sound.

stresses the sylabol

makes the sound nasal like

meanings are related like. Mother can mean biological or the action of being a mother.

two meanings from the same word. Bat