Interstitual space is? How is the ratio of water compared to intravascular?
Space between cells. 3/4 of water bathes the cells in the interstitual space. 1/4 intravascular.
Define Diffusion?
Solutes move.
Define osmosis?
Water moves. solutes can not pass through membrane.
What kind of blood cells does hemoglobin carry?
red ( binds to o2)
Solutes move through the body in 4 ways. What are they and define them.
Bulk flow- under pressue I.E heart beat
Osmosis- water moves
Diffusion- solutes move through membrane
Ionic current- positive and neg charged ions attract to one another.
Solution Types? Define them?
Isotonic - equal concentration
Hypotonic- less concentrated then the outside area
Hypertonic- more concentrated then the outside area
What happens if a cell that is hypertonic is placed in a glass of "stuff"?
Water is pulled out of the cell.
IS a person hypo or hypertonic in a fresh water drowning?
Hypotonic- Their red blood cells will swell from lack of O2
Hypo or hypertonic in a salt water drowning?
Hypertonic- all the water in the cells will fill the lungs ( lungs are filled with salt)
What causes Dehydration?
Vomiting
insensible loss ( increase sweat, breathing saliva)
internal 3rd space loss ( IVF infravascular function) out of circulation.
Plasma loss ( burns, open wounds)
Signs of over hydration?
Edema
What are the signs of dehydration?
Poor skin turgor
sunken eyes
postural hypotention
What is your blood made of?
Plasma- 54%
red blood cells 45%
white blood cells and platelets- 1%
What is the purphose of white blood cells? (leukocytes)
fight infection
Purpose of red blood cells?
Erythrocytes- transports o2
Which fluid does NOT have proteins?
Crystaloids
Atom plus Atom =?
Moledcule
Electrolytes?
substances that seperate into electrically charged particals called IONS
4 major cations in the body?
Sodim NA+
Potassium k+
Calcium Ca++
Magnesium Mg++
Which cation is the most prevalent extracellular?
Sodium
What is the most prevalent cation intracellular?
K- potassium
Major Anions?
Chloride- Cl-
Bicarbonate HCo3-
Phosphate- HPo4-
which molecule is the principle buffer in the body? and what does it nutalize?
HCo3- Bicarbonate. Nutralized the H+ ions in the bloodstream
What is Lipis Bi-layer?
Fatty acid between cell membranes
What molecule is important for enerfy storeing?
HPo4- phosphate
ATP- Adenosine tri phosphate
How is energy restored in a cell?
ATP gives off a Phosphate - goes to ADP- The mitrocondria in the cell uses the KREBS cycles to restore the missing phosphate.
What is the waste that cells give off?
Water and carbon dioxcide.
What happens when anerobic metablism takes place?
water and carbon dioxide is not given off....therefor
What is the normal PH level of the body? Are hydorgen ions acidic?
Blood PH 7.35-7.45 + or - .4 is fatal. Yes.
When your body becomes too acidotic what is it in?
Shock
What is the normal ratio in the blood stream from HCO3- ( bicarb) to H2CO3 ( carbonic acid)
20:1
Can depressed ventalations casue acidity?
Yes because the body is not letting off CO2 and H2O which will then increase the H+ ions in the body. Ventalation will decrease.
Name 32 wats to decrease H+ levels in the body?
Bicarb ( blood steam ) instant
Resp system ( minutes)
Renal system ( days)
.45% solution hypertonic or hypotonic?
Hypo....less solutes when poored into bloodstream the body will pull water into the cells. The solution has less conentration than the cells. This will fix acidosis faster.
Author
Ericallarose
ID
108142
Card Set
Session 5 Pathophysiology
Description
Terms and info on acid/base homeostasis in the body