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A chemical can be defined as
any substance that has a definite composition
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Which of the following is an extensive property of matter?
volume
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Which of the following is an intensive property of matter?
density
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A measure of the quantity of matter is
mass
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Matter includes all the following except
air
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A chemical change occurs when
a leaf changes color in the fall
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Nirtogen monoxide and oxygen, both colorless gases, form a red-brown gas when mixed. Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen are called
reactants
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A solid substance is
always the same shape regarless of its container
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What happens to the energy in a substance when it changes state?
it changes from, but is neither destroyed nor increased
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Which of the follwoing is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
granite
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Which of the following is an example of a homogenous mixture?
marble
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All known chemical elements are organized into groups based on similar chemical properties
periodic chart
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A team of scientists is working to discover how an enzyme affects clood cells in sheep. They are working in the field of _____ chemistry
inorganic
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Which of these statements does not describe a measurement standard?
A standard can be easily changed to suit the experiment
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The standard base unit for mass is the
kilogram
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Dalton incorporated the law of conservation of mass into his atomic theory by asserting that
atoms of different elements have different properties
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The principles of atomic theory recognized today were conceived by
Dalton
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The most common from of hydrogen has
no neutrons
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The energy of a photon is related to its
frequency
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According to the Bohr model of the atom, the single electron of a hydrogen atom circles the nucleus
counterclockwise
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All of the following describe the Heisenberg uncertainty principle except
it helps to locate an electron in an atom
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An orbital that can never exist according to the quantam description of the atom is
3f
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How many electrons are needed to completely fill the third main energy level if it already contains 8 electrons?
10
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The statement that an electron occupies the lowest available energy orbital is
the Aufbau principle
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The statement that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same four quantam number is
the Pauli exclusion principle
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Which of the following rules requires that each of the p orbitals at a particular energy level receive one electron before any of them can have two electrons
Hund's rule
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An element with 8 electrons in its highes main energy level
noble gas
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The size and shape of an electron cloud are most closely related to the electron's
energy
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The idea of arranging the elemtents in the periodic table according to their chemical and physical properties is attributed to
Mendeleev
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The periodic table
was completed with the discovery of the noble gases.
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A horizontal row of blocks in the periodic table is called a
period
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When an electron is added to a neutral atom, a certain amount of energy is
either released or absorbed
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The energy required to remove an electron from an atomis the atom's
electron energy
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When an electron is acquired by a neutral atom, the energy change is called
electron affinity
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In the alkaline-earth group, atoms with the smallest radii
have the greatest ionization energies
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What are the diatomic elements?
hydrogen, oxygen, flourine, nitrogen, bromine, chlorine, and iodine
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