-
The study of the relationship of organisms to their enviroment and other organisms
Ecology
-
Which one of the following kingdoms is NOT part of Eukarya?
C. Eubacteria
-
The end opposite the mouth of a radially symmetrucal animal
Aboral
-
The end containing thhe mouth of a radially symmetrical animal
Oral
-
-
-
-
-
Away from the point of attachment of a structure on the body
Distal
-
Toward the point of attachemnt of a structure on the body
Proximal
-
The back of an animal
Dorsal
-
The belly of the animal
Ventral
-
Below a point of reference
Inferior
-
Above the point of reference
Superoir
-
Away from the plan that divides a bilateral animal into mirror images
Lateral
-
On or near the plane that dividees a bilateral anumal inot mirror images
Medial (median)
-
Which one of these tissue layers is present in triploblastic organisms but NOT in dipoblastic organisms?
D. Coeloderm
-
intimate assn between 2 organism
Symbiosis
-
One organism lives in or another does not bescessarily kill the host
Parastism
-
Harbors the sexual stage of the parasite
Definitive host
-
any other host in the life cycle the parasite, parasite may require a specific series of intermediate hosts to complete life cycle
Intermediate host
-
A host in which the parasite cannot continue its life cycle
Dead-end host
-
Organism that spreads a disease or parasite to animals of another species
Vector
-
Animal diseases that can infect humans
Zoonosis
-
One species benefits, the other is neutral
Commensalism
-
Both species benefit
Mutalism
-
Even division of cellular components, 2 equal daughter cells produced
Binary fission
-
Uneven division of cellular components, new daughter cell is smaller than mother cell
Budding
-
Multiple mitosis events in a single cell, then multiple cytokinesis to separate each nucleus into a new cell
Schizogony
-
Most protozoans are .....
a. diploid
b. haploid
Haploid
-
a waterborne diarrhea caused by drinking contaminated water
Giardia
-
African sleeping sickness, spread by tsetse flies
Trypanosoma
-
lives in liver and red blood cells , enters host by mosquito bite, people with sickle cells are resistant to it
Plasmodia
-
Only protozoan resistant to it chlorination, causes diarrhea
Cryptosporidium
-
cats are the definitive host, is a threat to unborn humans
Toxoplasma
-
Produces a calcerous test
Foraminiferans
-
Produces a silicone test
Radiolarians
-
pseudopodia for movement and feeding, doesnt have shell or test
Amoeba
-
thin, flats, lines outside of a sponge
pinacocytes
-
cells that secretes spicules , transports food, forms contractile ring
Mesenchyme
-
Cells that trap food praticles
Choanocytes
-
a resistant capsule full of amoeboid cells used for asexual reproduction in sponges
Gemmules
-
Sponges are classified based on the compoisdtion and shape of their ________
Spicules
-
Only class with freshwater species
nematocysts only on epidermis
Gametes are epidermal and relaeased outside of body
Hydrozoa
-
True jellyfish- medusa is dominant life stage
all marine
Scyphozoa
-
No medusa stage, all marine
mouth leads to pharynx leads to gastrovascular cavity
Anthozoa
-
May be monoecious but do not self-fertilize
asexual reprodroduction is also possible
feed on invertevrates and small fishes
Anemones
-
Comb of jellies
all marnine
diploblastic or possi. trioblastic
true muscle cells
all monecious
ctenophora
-
dorsoventrally flattened, bilateral sym
unsegmented worms
incomplete gut usaully
suomewhat cehpalizes
Platyhelminthes
-
Sponge class that occur in all 3 shapes
Calcerea
-
Class of sponges with 6 ray spicules all marine and either sycon or leucon
Hexactinella
-
all leucon
bath sponfges and commerial sponged
4 ray / silica or spongin spicules
Demospongia
-
-
-
detect physical movement
Mechanoreceptors
-
Detect chemicals
Chemoreceptors
-
Detects direct light
Photoreceptors
-
Detects change in temp.
Thermoreceptors
-
diffusions across epodermis, high surface to vl ratio
Gas exchange
-
water regulation organ - fucntions through filteration
Protonepheridia
-
ingestive organ - brings food into the body
Pharynx
-
a network of nerve fibers
Neerve plexus
-
carry information to the the brain
Sensory nerves
-
carry instructions from the brain to the body
Motor nerves
-
connect nerves to nerves
assocaition nerves
-
outer layer of epidermis formed from a synctuim - a continous layer of fused cells
Tegument
-
outer layer of tegument
transports nutrients and wastes - protects
Glycocalyx
-
adults live in bile ducts
eggs migrate to digestive tract to be expelled in the feces
blood flukes
Tematodes
-
holdfast attached to intestinal wall
Scolex
-
compartments arranged in a series each contains reproductive organs
Proglottids
-
Beef tapeworms
lives in human small intestin
Taenairychus saginatus
-
tapeworm larvae, present in human feces
Onchosphere
-
pork tapeworm
Taenia solium
-
the most complex life cycles with several life stages
Digenea
-
blood flukes
dioecious femal is carried in canal of the male's body
schistosomes
-
free-living flatworms
Turbellaria
-
body consist of a scolex and many progloittid
Cestoda
-
'self-feeding' producers
autotrophic
-
'other feeding' consumers
heterotrophic
-
-
-
-
-
eats other animals
carnivores
-
-
-
-
eats plants and animals
omnivore
-
eats detritus
detritrovore
-
live on other organisms
parasite
-
do not regulate body temp metabolically - 'cold blooded'
Poikilotherms
-
body temp ajusted metabolically ' warm blood'
Homeotherms
-
daily reduction of body temp and rate of metabolism
Torpor
-
long term reduction of body t and rate of metab.
Hibernation
-
Long term rest body t does not drop much
Winter sleep
-
peroid of inactivity to withstand dry conditions
Aestvation
-
survivial curve for humans large mammals and reptiles
type 1
-
survival curve for small mammals small birds
type 2
-
survival curve many insects mollucs fish
Type 3
-
interation between same species
intraspecific
-
interation between different species
interspecific
-
form of sumbiosis were parasites benefits at expense of host
parasitism
-
form of symbiosis where one memeber benefits but the other is not affected
commenselism
-
form of symbiosis both species benefit
mutualism
-
The current human population is about ____ billion
6.4
-
about _____ % of enegry in one trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level
10
-
______ is flows through an ecosystem but ___________ is recycled
Energy Matter
-
refers to numbre of organisms a particular enviroment can support
Carry Capacity
-
doubles at regular intervals, cannot occur indefinitely
exponential growth
-
population growth flattens once K is reached
Logistic growth
-
animal takes color patterns
cryptic
-
light on top dark on bottom or vis versa,
countershading
-
warning colors for dangerous
aposematic
-
zygote a haploid or diploid
diploid
-
Why does a meal of beans and rice have less of an enviromental impact than a steak dinner
because of the trophic levels , rice and beans contain less biomass, it takes 100 pounds of grain to make 10 lbs of cow.
|
|