-
Potassium
- 3.5-5.5 mEq/L
- Transmission of nerve impulses
- Intracellular osmolality
- Enzymic reactions
- Acid-Base Balance
- Myocardial, skeletal, and smooth muscle contractility
-
Sodium
- 135-145 mEq/L
- Body fulid movement and retention
- Extracellular osmolality
- Active transport mechanism (with potassium)
- Neuromuscular activity
- Enzyme activites
- Acid-Base balance
-
Calcium
- 8.5-10.5 mg/dL
- Hardness of bones and teeth
- Skeletal muscle contraction
- Blood coagulation
- Cellular permeability
- Heart muscle contraction
-
Phosphorus
- 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
- Intracellular energy production (ATP)
- Bone Hardness
- Structure of cellular membrane
- Oxygen delivery to tissues
- Enzyme regulation (ATPase)
-
Magnesium
- 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
- Neuromuscular transmission
- Contraction of heart muscle
- Activation of enzymes for cellular metabolism
- Active transport at cellular level
- Transmission of hereditary information
-
Chloride
- 97-110 mEq/L
- Body fluid osmolality (with sodium)
- Body water balance (with sodium)
- Acid-base balance
- Acidity of body fluids, especially gastric secretions
- Red blood cell oxygenation and carbon dioxide transport
|
|