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7 Traditions of Communication
Each tradition has its own way of defining communication and it's own distinct vocabulary
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7 Traditions of Communication Theory
Ethical
- Advocates thruthfullness, accuracy, honesty, and reason as essential to the integrity of communication. 'Is it always our tody to be honest?"
- We accept responsibility for the shor and long term consequences of our own communication and expect the same from others. "Will the outcome promote wellbeing or prevent injury?"
- We strive to understand and respect other communicators before evaluating and responding to thier messages. "Do I seek to be a person of integrity and virtue?"
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7 Traditions of Communication
Cybernetic
- Communication as a system of information processing and control
- Seek to answer such questions as how does the system work? What can change it? how can we make it better?
- Illistrates the way feedback makes information possible in our heads.
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7 Traditions of Communication
Rhetorical
- Communication as artful public address
- influencial characteristics are:
- speech distinguishes humans from animals
- public address is a more effective way to solve political problems
- a single speaker attempts to influence multiple listeners through persuasive discourse.
- Effective communication requires audience adaptation
- Speakers learn to deliver strong arguments in powerful voices.
- Rhetoric is more art than science. Emphasizes the power and beauty of language to move people emotionally.
- Women have struggled for the right to speak in public
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7 Traditions of Communication
Semiotic
- Communication as the process of sharing meaning through sings
- Symbols are arbitrary workds and non-verbal signs that bear no natural connection with the things they describe, thier meaning is learned within the culture.
- A sing is anything that can stand for something else.
- Meaning doesnt reside in words or other symbols; meaning resides in people.
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7 Traditions of Communication
Socio-Cultural
- Communication as the creation and enactment of social reality
- Based on the idea that people talk, they produce, and reproduce culture
- Views of reality are strongly shaped by the language we have used since we were infants.
- Persons-in-conversation co-construct thier own social worlds.
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7 Traditions of Communication
Phenomenological
- Communication as the experience of self and others through dialog
- The intetional analysis of everyday life from the standpoint of the person who is living it
- places great emphasis on people's perception and thier interpretation of thier own experiences
- An individuals story is more important, and more authoritative hhan any research hypothesis or communication axiom.
- Seeks to answer two questions:
- Why is it so hard to establish and sustain authentic human relationships?
- How can this problem be overcome?
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