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What are informants?
Persons have something, its beneficial to LE, we want it, they face personal risk
Motivations: payment, reduction of criminal charges, or personal revenge
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citizen informant
witness/victims to crimemotivation: good citizensno gain/reward is expctdTroubled by activity in their neighborhood, neighborhood watch member
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confident informant
untested & providing info 4 the 1st timewant name withheldmotivation: goodwill or self serving
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confident reliable informant
reliable & crediblewant name withheld for fear of retaliationreliable because prior info lead to arrest, seizure, or conviction.
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def informant
basically working off a case or sometimes to eliminate their competition or rival gang , giving something for something, generally not paid but sometimes are
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anonymous informant
refuses to identify themselves to LE, not reliable, motivation is difficult to prove, WE-TIP or telephonic reporting
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Minor Informant
like defndnt informant but under 18 (over 13!) & needs crt order
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Juv informant
under 18 NO GAIN, dont need crt order, must hav permission from parents, mant diff motivations
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unwitting informant (shreves fave)
Dont know you're LE, consider motivation, S =good unwitting infrmnts, always doc that they are unwitting
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police buff informant (shreves least fave)
- LE wanna be, wants/ wanted to be cop but coudnt cuz of physical, mental, criminal history problems
- May lie, give false info to 'feel important'
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thrill seeker informant
Gets way too involvedseeking adrenaline rush, can cause physical confrontations, Interfere with UC (undercover office)
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professional informant
can be hazardous, motivation is $,dont cut corners with them!, know their level of integrity, snitch for a livingProblem: professional liars, wants to be your friend, wants something on you, can make you famous causing you to overlook flaws
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female informants
many male cops get "done in" by female informants, never meet them alone, does her bf/husband know she's an infrmnt, false sex allagations against you, try to have a female officer w/ u.
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routes of administration
- 1. Insufflation-nose
- 2. inhalation-smoking (fastest 3-5 secs) 3.intravendously-injecting (5-10 mins)
- 4. orally eating-pills, brownies (20-30 mins/faster for girls)
- 5. contact-eyelids, vaginally, rectally, gums
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CNS
- Central Nervous System:
- brain,
- spinal cord,
- brain stem
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All drugs have a euphoric onset (feels good/rush), this is caused by....?
Serotonin & Dopamine: chemicals that work in the brain to send signals of pleasure, mood stability
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What is the Reward Reinforcement Center?
tells the brain (soft voice): what I just did, that felt good. Lets do that again.
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Tolerance
the more it gets used to it the more you need
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What is the blood brain barrier & why do drugs get past it?
- suppose to keep drugs out.
- Drugs have a molecular structure similar to Serotonin & Dopamine
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Federal Analog
when a drug is made better or changed because it was outlawed, it is automatically illegal also.
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DEA
Drug Enforcement Agency
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Probable cause
more than a hunch, less than beyond a reasonable doubt
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When can you search a car or house?
- Warrant
- Consent
- Plain sight
- Probation
- Parole
- Exigency
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Methanphetamine
- -synthetically produced substance
- -white, odorless, & bitter tasting
- -CNS stimulant that users like because it produces "false energy", alertness, increased sexual drive, and is relatively in-expensive
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Dangers of meth labs
- Toxic fumes
- Explosiveness
- Enviormental
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What is MSM powder?
used to cut meth
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is possession of a meth pipe illegal?
Possession of a meth pipe is not a crime, unless it has ANY meth in it
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Signs/symtoms of meth users
- Pulse rate up
- Pupil size is dialated
- Pupil reation is slow
- Rhomberg internal clock is fast
- Cotton mouth
- Anxiety
- Bruxism
- Fidgety
- Paranoia
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how long do Amphetamines stay in the body?
- urine up to 48 hrs
- Blood up to 72 hrs
- Hair 90 days
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Meth violation codes?
- 11377(a) Possession
- 11378 Possession for sales
- 11379 Transport, furnish, give away
- 11379.6 Manufacture
- 11383(a)(c) Possession of precursors
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Meth cost of a pound?
17.5k-19.5k
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Meth cost of an ounce?
1200-2000
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1/16 oz of meth?
teener 125-150
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Parts of S america where coca plant grows?
- equador
- columbia
- bolivia
- venenzuela
- peru
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What is cocaine?
- stimulant derived from Erythroxylum Coca plant
- best known for its massive popularity in powered & freebase (crack) form
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What part of the coca plant is actually cocaine?
1%
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3 key ingredients in processing cocaine?
gasoline, amonia, & sulfuric acid
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How is rock cocaine made?
- Cook C in a mixture of baking soda & water
- Mixture becomes hard when dried
- Soap-like substance can then be cut into 'rock' or 'chips'
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Signs/ symtoms of cocaine?
- Pulse rate up (normal 72 bpm)
- Pupil size is dialated (normal 3.5-6.5)
- Pupil reaction is slow (rebound dialation)
- Rhomberg internal clock is fast
- Cotton mouth
- Seizure
- Hallucinations
- Coughing up pus, mucus, blood
- Hoarseness
- Tightened muscles
- Vomiting
- Fidgety
- Bruxism (teeth grinding)
- Trismas (jaw tightens)
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Codes for Cocaine?
- 11350 Possession
- 11351 Possession for sales
- 11351.5 Possession of cocaine base (rock) for sales
- 11352 Transportation or Sales
- 11364 Possession of paraphernalia
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c stays in system....?
- urine from 48 to 72 hrs
- hair testing for up to 90 days
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1 kilo of paste=_________ kilos of leaves?
200-500
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1 kilo cocaine base=___________kilos of paste?
2.5
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When was cocaine first isolated?
1844
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what percentage of c comes from south america?
97%
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what act made cocaine illegal?
Harrison act of 1914
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when did coca cola switch to decocanized leaves?
1906
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when did crack become a nationwide problem?
1980s
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Name of early advocate who was blamed for spreading cocaine use?
sigmund freud
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trade names of C?
- coke
- flakes
- now
- crack
- freebase
- work
- yayo
- yay
- cavi
- blow
- white
- snort
- rock
- chips
- nose candy
- hubby
- cane
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Medical cocaine can be used for?
As a local anestheticNumb the nasal passages, eyes,
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crack babies
- constricts blood vessels, and thus blood & oxygen to the unborn fetus
- can cause premature labor & uterine contradictions
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exposed crack babies can have:
- congenital heart defects
- lower birth weight
- subject to seizures
- Deformities
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