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coronal plane(frontal plane)
imaginary line dividing the body into fron and back sections
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sagittal plane(median plane)
imaginary line dividing the body into left and right sections
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transverse plane(horizontal plane)
imaginary line dividing the body into upper and lower sections
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body regions
- abdominal,brachial, cephalic,cervical,crural,gluteal,pelvic,pubic,
- thoracic, vertebral
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body cavities
abdominal, abdominopelvic, cranial, mediastinum, pelvic pericardial, pleural, spinal, thoracic,
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pleura/peritoneum
two-layered membrane which lines the cavities and encases the viscera
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parietal layer
outer layer that lines the cavities
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visceral layer
inner layer that lines the cavities
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anatomical position
body standing, facing viewer, hands at side with palms facing viewer, thumbs pointing outward
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anatomical divisions
nine regions:right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar,right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
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clinical divisions
right upper quadrant-RUQ; left upper quadrant-LUQ; right lower quadrant-RLQ; left lower quadrant-RLQ
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superior or cephalic
more towards the head
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inferior or caudal
more towrds the feet or tail(caudal means tail)
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anterior or ventral
more towrds the front or belly side of the body
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posterior or dorsal
more towards the back or spinal cord
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medial
refers to the middle or near the middle of the body
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lateral
towards the side of the body
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proximal
located nearer to the point of attachment of the body
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distal
located further away from the point of attachment of the body
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apex
tip or summit of an organ
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base
bottom or lower part of an organ
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superficial
more towards the surface of the body
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deep
towards the interior of the body, away from the surface
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supine
the body lying horizontally and facing upward
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prone
the body lying horizontally and facing downward
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