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Nervous system
the body's speedy, electrocharged communication network consisting of all the nerve cells of the periphrial and central nervous systems
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Central Nervous system
- CNS
- consists of the brain and spinal chord
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Peripheral Nervous system
- PNS
- the sensory motor neurons that connect the centeral nerous system (CNS) to the rest of the body (sense receptors, muscles, glands)
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Nerves
- neural "cables" containing many axons. these bundled axons, which are apart of the PNS, connect the centeral nervous system with glands, muscles and organs
- optic nevre bundles a million axon fibers into a single acble carrying information into a single cable carrying information that each eye sends to the brain
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Sensory Neruons
- neurons that carry incoming info from the sense receptors to the central nervous system
- form sensory organs to body tissues, info goes to the CNS for processing
- afferent neurons
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Motor neurons
- neurons that carry outgoing information from the central nerveous systems to the muscles and glands
- think locomotives; what keeps the information traveling from point A to point B
- efferent neurons
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Interneurons
- CNS neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
- there are billions o these types of neurons
- they act as a"middle man" between synapses
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Somatic Nervous system
- controls the body's skeletal muscles
- also called the skeletal nervous system
- a division of the PNS
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Autonomic nervous system
- controls the glands the msucles of the internal organs (like the heart) its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
- includes digestoinn, heartbeat and gland activity
- a division of the PNS
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Sympathetic Nervous system
- arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
- division of the Autonomic nervous system
- if something alarms enrages, or challenges you this system will accelerate your heartbeat, raise your blood pressure, slow digestion, raise blood sugar, casue you to perspire, to prepare you for action
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Parasympathetic Nervous system
- this system calms the body in order to preserve energy
- division of theAutonomic nervous system
- slows heartbeat, lowers blood pressure, etc
- *symp and parasymp work together to keep us in a steady internal state
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Reflex
- a simple automatic inborn response to a sensory stimulus
- knee-jerk response
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Neural netoworks
- interconnected neural cells
- with experience, networks cal leearn as feedback strengthens or inhibits connections that produce certain results
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Endocrine system
- the body's "slow" communication system
- a set of glands that secrete hormones
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Hormones
- Chemical messages that are produced in one tissue and effect another.
- mostly manufactured by the endocrine glands
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Adrenal Glands
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- a pair of endocrine glands just baove the kidneys. the adrenals secrete epinephrine (adrenaline) and norenephrine (noradrenaline)
- helps arouse the body in times of stress
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Pitutitary gland
- the gland regulating growth
- most important gland in the endocrine system
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