Phych Ch 17

the scientific study of the ways that peoples behavior and mental processes are shaped by the real or imagined presence or others.

• refers to the boosting effects of cofactors and audiences on performances.
• EX: People will try harder when performing in group or in frint of an audience. Occurs when tasks are simple.

• Refers to the sometimes derailing effects of cofactors and audiences on performance.
• Ex: Increases accuracy and performance on well learned tasks. But decreases on poorly learned tasks.Occurs when tasks are complex.

• People believe different when in groups. Lose themselve.
• EX: In a riot people lose themselves and become part ofthe group.

• implicit or explicit rules for aceptabke behavior and beliefs for certain group such as KKK.
• EX: Shock experiment women/ disguised as KKK/more shocks than nondisguised women.

People are less likely to help when others are present. Bevause trhey dont feel as if the responsibility is on them and someone ekse wil do something about the problem.

Trying to maintain their cool in a group. Not wanting to appear scared. EX: Experiment of smoke/ group of action. Single people investigated the cause. Lead individuals to define a situation as nonemergency in groups.

when each individual knows that others are present, burden of responsability does not fal, solely on him/her thinking. "someone else must have done something about it by now" EX: 2yr old toddler/ kidnapped and murdured/ by 2- 10 yr olds.

Pure public conformity. EX: 6 people giving the same answer even though its clearly wrong. TEst sub agreeing with them.

Dont know how to behave/ Fancy redtaurant. EX: Look to others for answeres and conform.

Wanting to be acceoted by a social group. EX: We conform to a groups social norms or typical behaviors to become liked or accepted. COPS

• Minoritys can move majoritys toward their point of view if they preset consistent position.
• EX: Experiment feninist issues discussed participants moved significantly toward in ine w femonine approach than opposed.

• Private attitude., Own change of mind.
• EX: They want you to attain changes even after they are noi longer in the scene.

Suggests that when peopes behavior conflicts w their attitude it creates an uncomfortable tesnsiin that movitates them to change their attitudes to be more in line w their actions.

Dojng someting for a reward. And stopping onve the reward has been cut off even thought they initially liked it/ the reward was greated. EX: Kids reading for pizza/piza stops/ reading stops.

Group discussions leads to decisions that are not necessarily riskier but are more extreme than the individual decision. EX: Often occurs in juries, especially when they are recquired to reach a unanimous decision.

Members of a group are led to suppress their own dissent in the interest of group consensus.