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Apnea
Absense or cessation of breathing
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Arrhythmia
Irregular heart beat
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Bounding
Describes a pulse that feels full because of increased power of cardiac contractions or as a result of increased blood volume.
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Bradycardia
A slow heartbeat; a pulse below 60 beats per minute
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Bradypnea
Respirations that are regular in rhythm but slower than normal in rate
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Cerumen
A waxy secretion in the ear canal; commonly called ear wax.
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Chronic Obstructive pilmonary disease
(COPD)
A progressive and irreversible lung condition that results in diminished lung capacity
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Diurnal Rhythm
Patterns of activity or behavior that follow day-night cycles.
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Dyspnea
Difficult or painful breathing
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Essential Hypertension
Elevated blood pressure of unknown cause that develops for no apparent reason; sometimes called primary hypertension
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Febrile
Pertaining to an elevated body temperature
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Homeostasis
Internal adaptation and change in response to environmental factors.
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Hyperpnea
Increase in the depth of breathing
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Hypertension
High blood pressure (sytolic pressure consistently above140mm Hg and diastolic pressure above 90mm Hg).
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Hyperventilation
Abnormally prolonged and deep breathing usually associated with acute anxiety or emotional
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Hypotension
Blood pressure that is below normal (systolic pressure below 90mm Hg and diastolic pressure below 50mm Hg)
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Intermittent pulse
Pulse in which beats are occasionally skipped
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Orthopnea
Condition in which an individual must sit or stand to breathe comfortably
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Orthostatic (postural) hypotension
Temporary fall in blood pressure when a person rapidly changes from a recumbent postition to a standing position
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Otitis externa
Inflammation or infection of the external auditory canal.
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Peripheral
Pertaining to an area that is outside or away from an organ or structure
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Pulse deficit
Condition in which the radial pulse is less than the apical pulse; may indicate peripheral vascular abnormality
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Pulse pressure
Difference between the systolic and the diastolic blood pressures (30 to 50 mm Hg is considered normal).
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Rales
Abnormal or crackling breath sounds during inspiration.
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Rhonchi
Abnormal rumbling sounds on expiration that indicate airway obstruction by think secretions or spasms
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Secondary Hypertension
Elevated blood pressure resulting from another condition.
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Sinus arrhythmia
Irregular heartbeat originating in the sinoatrial node (pacemaker)
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Spirometer
Instrument that measures the volume of inhaled and exhaled air
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Stertorous
Describes a strenuous respiratory effort that has a snoring sound.
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Syncope
Fainting; a brief lapse in consciousness
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Tachycardia
Rapid but regular heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute.
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Tachypnea
Respirations that are rapid and shallow; hyperventilation.
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Thready
Describes a pulse that is scarcely perceptible.
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Biophysical
Pertaining to the science dealing with the application of physical methods and theories to biological problems
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Chief complaint
The reason for the patient's seeking medical care
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Cognitive
Pertaining to the operation of the mind; referring to the process by which we become aware of percieving, thinking, and remembering
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Diagnosis
Concise technical description of the cause, nature, or manifestation of a condition or problem.
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Working Diagnosis
Physician's temporary or initial impression
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Differential Diagnosis
Comparison of two or more diseases with similar signs and symptoms
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Familial
Occuring in or affecting members of a family more than would be expected by chance.
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Present illness
The chief complaint, written in chronological sequence, with dates of onset.
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Psychosocial
Pertaining to a combination of psychologic and social factors
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Rapport
Relationship of harmony and accord between the patient and the health care professional.
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Bruit
Abnormal sound or murmur heard on auscultation of an organ, vessel , or gland.
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Clubbing
An abnormal enlargement of the fingertips; usually seen with advanced heart and lung disease.
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Colonoscopy
Examination of the large intestine with a fiberoptic scope.
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Electrocardiogram
A graphic record of electrical conduction through the heart.
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Emphysema
pathologic accumulation of air in the tissues or organs; in the lungs the brachioles become plugged with mucus and lose elasticity.
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Gait
The manner or style of walking
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Hematopoiesis
Formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow
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Intercellular
Between cells
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Manipulation
moving or exercising a body part via an externally applied force
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Murmur
Abnormal sound heard when ausultating the heart that may or may not have a pathologic origin.
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Nodules
Small lumps, lesions, or swelling felt when palpating the skin.
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Peristalsis
Rhythmic contraction of involuntary muscles lining the gastrointestinal tract.
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Sclera
White part of the eye that forms the orbit
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Transillumination
Inspection of a cavity or organ by passing light through its walls
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Trauma
Physical injury or wound caused by an external force or violence.
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Vasoconstriction
Contraction of the muscles lining blood vessels that results in decreased lumen size.
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Asystole
The absence of a heartbeat
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Cyanosis
Blue color of the mucous membranes and body extremities caused by lack of oxygen.
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Ecchymosis
a hemorrhagic skin discoloration commonly called bruising
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Emetic
A substance that causes vomiting
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Fibrillation
Rapid, random, ineffective, contractions of the heart.
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Hematuria
Blood in the Urine
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Idiopathic
Pertaining to no known cause of a condition or disease
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Mediastinum
space in the center of the chest under the sternum
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Necrosis
The death of cells or tissue
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Photophobia
visual sensitvity to light
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Polyuria
Excreting large amounts of urine
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Thrombolytics
Agents that dissolve blood clots
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Transient ischemic attack
Temporary neurologic symptoms caused by a gradual or partial occlusion of a cerebral blood vessel
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