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What are the 3 steps of first responder medical aid?
- - Primary Survey
- - Secondary Survey
- - Ongoing Exam
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Primary survey includes:
- - Scene size up (safe? hazards, # of patients, need help? MOI)
- - Initial Assessment (Age, sex, weight, LOC, ABC + skin, C-Spine, deadly bleeding)
- - rapid trauma survey
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DCAPBLS and TIC
- Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Penetrations, Burns, Lacerations, Swelling
- Tenderness, Instability, Crepitis
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Normal and unusual respitory rates for an adult are:
- Normal - 10-20/min
- unusual - under 8 and above 24
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Normal and unusual respitory rates for an Infant are:
- Normal - 25-50/min
- unusual - under 25 and above 60
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Normal and unusual respitory rates for a child are:
- Normal - 15-30/min
- unusual - under 15 and above 35
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During the rapid trauma survey the order of checking the body is:
- - head and neck
- - chest
- - abdomen
- - pelvis
- - lower extremities
- - upper extremities
- - posterior
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In your primary survey, what are you looking for on the head and neck?
- - DCAPBLS and TIC
- - Neck veign distention
- - Tracheal deviation
- - Pupils (size, reactive, equal)
- - Battle signs
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In your primary survey, what are you looking for on the chest?
- - DCAPBLS and TIC
- - Heart beat
- - paradoxical motion
- - subcutaneous emphysema
- - Breath sounds present and equal (Apices and Bases)
- - if not equal = percussion (dull=fluid, loud=air)
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In your primary survey, what are you looking for on the abdomen?
- - DCAPBLS and TIC
- - distention
- - injection sites
- - rigidity
- - tenderness
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In your primary survey, what are you looking for on the pelvis?
- - DCAPBLS and TIC
- - instability
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In your primary survey, what are you looking for on the lower extremities?
- - DCAPBLS and TIC
- - capillary refill equal
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In your primary survey, what are you looking for on the upper extremities?
- - DCPBLS and TIC
- - capillary refill equal
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In your primary survey, what are you looking for on the posterior?
- - DCAPBLS and TIC
- - Presacral edema (pooling blood at base of spine)
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What initial vitals do you take in the primary survey?
- - BP
- - Pulse
- - Respirations
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If LOC changes...
- start again at AVPU
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Secondary survey includes:
- - SAMPLE history
- - Full set of Vitals (LOC, ABC, skin)
- - Glasgow Coma Scale
- - head to toe DCAPBLS and TIC
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In your initial assessment, how do you assess LOC?
- - APVU (Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive)
- - Orientation (name, place, time, event)
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SAMPLE stands for:
- Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past Medical History, Last Oral Intake, Events Prior
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If the patient is critical, for ongoing care you must reassess
- every 5 minutes
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If the patient is stable, for ongoing care you must reassess
- every 15 minutes
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When checking airway, you look, listen and feel for:
- Snoring, gurgling, stridor, silence
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When checking Pulse, you try to find:
- Rate, rythem and quality
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When checking breathing, you try to find:
- rate, depth and quality
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Checking skin for:
- temperature, wet or dry
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