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In order to iosolate a virus using a chicken embryo or cell culture, the sample is first placed in a liquid medium. What must be done next?
Tx with anitiobiots or pass through filter (Must inactivate/remove contamination)
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How is Aujezkey Dz in pigs controlled in the US?
Eradication
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What made eradication of Small Pox by Vx possible?
Decreased-no transmissibility of disease from vaccinated people
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When should chicken embryos be inoculated in order to isolate a virus?
9-12 days
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What causes encephalitis in foxes?
Canine Adenovirus 1
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Herpes Ab can be detected using?
Electron microscopy and Ab Response are indicative of Herpes virus infection
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When the viral genome persists in the host, the infection is called:
Latent Infection
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In Marek’s Disease virus infection, what gross lesion is useful in diagnosis?
Nerve Enlargement
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Virulent strains may emerge by genetic shift or genetic drift in the genome of these viruses
- Herpes
- Influenza Corona
- Pox
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Where does Pox virus replicate?
Cytoplasm
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What virus => Single maculopapular eruption on hand/face, nausea, fever & lymphadenopathy in humans?
Cowpox
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Which virus can infect Cats, Cattle, Humans & Zoo Animals (Big Cats)?
Cowpox
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What virus has been reported to be transmitted from Prairie Dogs/Exotics to humans?
Monkeypox
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What virus has a highmorbidty and low mortality in sheep and goats?
ORF
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What virus is known to infect DVM’s, butchers, farmers & shepherds?
ORF
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In humans, what virus causes solitary lesion on dorsum of index finger that -> a red-blue papule -> hemorrhagic flat-topped pustules?
ORF
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What virus causes “Milker’s Nodules?”
Pseudocowpox
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In cattle, what virus forms red, crescentic lesions w/ a horseshoe-shaped ring of scabs around it?
Pseudocowpox
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What virus is associated with decreased hygiene & louse infestations?
Swine Pox
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What virus has not vaccine, but is rarely observed in the US pig population?
Swine Pox
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What virus was introduced to the Australian wild rabbit population and has since decreased in pathogenicity?
Myxomatosis
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What virus forms Bollinger Bodies?
Avian Pox (Inclusion bodies)
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What are Bollinger bodies composed of?
Borrel Bodies (virus particles)
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What vaccine are currently used for Avian/Fowlpox?
- FOWLPOX virus Vx
- Pigeonpox virus Vx
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Hemorrhage & Necrosis of liver/lung/spleen/kidneys are hallmarks for what virus?
Adenovirus
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What virus/Vx causes Blue Eye/Corneal Edema?
- Infectious Canine Hepatitis
- (Canine Adenovirus 1, CAV1)
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After natural exposure to the virus, when is Blue Eye observed? After Vx?
- Exposure: Convalescent Stage
- Vx: 8-12 days
- (Adenovirus)
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What type of vaccine causes Blue Eye?
Atennuated Adenovirus Vx
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Arabian Foals with immunodeficiency are susceptible to…
Equine Adenovirus 1
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Sentinel Birds are used to detect which virus?
- Egg Drop Syndrome
- (Avian Adenovirus)
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After collection of Sentinel Birds, what test is used to determine Adenovirus exposue?
Hemagglutination Inhibition
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What virus infects ducks, geese, quail and chickens and remains latent until sexual maturity?
- Avian Adenovirus
- (Egg Drop Syndrome)
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What virus => No Shell-Soft Shell?
Avian Adenovirus
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What virus utilizes Blood, Spleen & Visceral LN to detect virus Ag in pigs?
- African Swine Fever
- (Asfivirus)
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Hemadsoprtion & CPE are used to diagnose pigs recently infected (few days) with what virus?
African Swine Fever
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What reportable disease causes splenic lesions in pigs?
African Sine Fever
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What viruses causes reproductive failure in pigs?
- Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV 2)
- Porcine Parvovirus
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What virus causes Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome in Pigs?
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What virus causes Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome?
- Procine Circovirus 2
- (PCV2)
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In virus => fibropapillomas that spontaneously regress after 4-6 months?
- Bovine Papillomavirus
- (Bovine Papillomatosis)
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What virus => fibropapillomas that persist for life, are locally invasive and recur after removal?
- Equine Papilloma Virus,
- (Equine Sarcoids)
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Where does parvovirus replication occur?
Nucleus
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What virus requires host cell to be in late S phase or early G2 phase for replication?
Parvovirus
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Why is it difficult to disinfect areas infected with parvovirus?
- + Rate of Excretion
- + Stability
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How does Panleuk => diarrhea?
Villus Tips with the Crypts of Lieberkuhn are shortened (Cell Loss) and become nonabsorptive
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In goats, what two viruses have similar Ag’s and must be differentiated using RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Profile)
- Caprine Herpesvirus
- Bovine Herpesvirus
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What herpes viruses infect horses? Which is the most pathologic?
- EHV1 (most pathologic)
- EHV4
- Equine Herpesvirus 3
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How is Equine Herpesvirus Dx’d?
- Type specific PCR amplification of genome fragments
- Paired Serum Sample for detection of immune response
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What Equine Herpes Virus Vx’s are used for prevention?
- Inactivated EHV1 & EHV4 (Combo Vx)
- (Live attenuated available, but not as effective)
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What virus => C/S, Gasping, Rales, Conjunctivitis, Resp. Distress, Expectoration of Bloody mucus & Reduced Egg Prod in Chickens (+/- turkey and pheasant)?
- Laryngotracheitis Virus
- (Infectious Laryngotracheitis, herpesviridae)
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What virus matures to infective stages within the feather follicle?
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Which virus is prevented with Vx during egg incubation? At what day is it given?
- Marek’s Dz (Herpes virus)
- Day 18
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