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The _____________ is the space bounded by the abdominal walls, diaphragm, and pelvis.
abdominal cavity
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The abdominal cavity is
- Enclosed anterolaterally by dynamic musculo-aponeu-rotic abdominal walls
- Separated superiorly from the thoracic cavity by thediaphragm
- Under cover of the thoracic cage superiorly extending tothe fourth intercostal space
- Continuous inferiorly with the pelvic cavity
- Lined with peritoneum, a serous membrane
- The location of most of the digestive organs, spleen,kidneys, and ureters for most of their course
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What are the three flat muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall?
- External oblique
- Internal oblique
- Transversus abdominis
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External oblique, the superficial muscle:
Its fibers pass inferomedially and interdigitate with slips of the serratus anterior. The inferior margin is thickened as an under-curving fibrous band that spans between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle as the inguinal ligament
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Internal oblique, the intermediate muscle:
Its fibers fan out so that its upper fibers are perpendicular and its lower fibers are parallel to those of the external oblique.
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Transversus abdominis, the innermost muscle:
Its fibers, except for the most inferior ones, run more or less horizontally.
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The aponeuroses interweave, forming a midline raphe (G. rhaphe,suture, seam), the _____________ (L.white line), which extends from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis.
linea alba
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__________________, a small triangular muscle (absent in about 20% of people), that lies in the rectus sheath anterior to the inferior part of the rectus abdominis. Itends in the linea alba and tenses it.
Pyramidalis
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What are the six common causes of abdominal protrusion?
food, fluid, fat, feces, flatus, and fetus
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