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What are the 6 nutrients found in food that are essential to your overall health and wellness?
- carbohydrates
- proteins
- fats
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
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The startches and sugars present in foods.
carbohydrates
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Carbohydrates are classified as either ________ or _________.
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Potatoes, pasta, and bread are rich in what nutrient?
carbohydrates
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Which nutrient is the bodies preferred source of energy?
carbohydrates
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What are sugars (fructose from fruit) (lactose found in milk)?
simple or complex carbohydrates
simple
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What are starches (found in whole grains, seeds, nuts, legumes {dried peas and beans} and tubers {root vegetables such as potatoes})?
simple or complex carbohydrates
complex
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Where does excess carbohydrates end up in your body?
body fat
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Your body converts all carbohydrates to ________ (a simple sugar that is the body's main source of energy)
glucose
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An indigestible complex carbohydrate (found in the tough stringy parts of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains).
fiber
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Fruits and vegetables with edible skins and whole-grain products such as bran cereal, oatmeal, and brown rice are excellent sources of what?
fiber
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What nutrient helps with intestinal problems such as constipation?
fiber
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Nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues.
proteins
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Your body can make 11 of the 20 amino acids that make up proteins, where do you get the remaining 9 amino acids and what are they called?
get them from the foods you eat
called essential amino acids
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Proteins are classified into what two groups?
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Animal products (fish, meat, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese, yogurt, and soybean) are a good source of which protein?
complete or incomplete
complete
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Beans, peas, nuts, and whole grains are example of which protein?
complete or incomplete
incomplete
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Which nutrient helps your body build new cells and tissues and replace damaged or worn-out cells?
proteins
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This nutrient is the second way your body is supplied energy?
protein
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A fatty substance that does not dissolve in water.
lipid
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What are fatty acids that the body needs, but cannot produce called?
essential fatty acids
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Fatty acids are classified as either ________ or _________?
saturated or unsaturated
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Fats high in saturated fatty acids are usually _______ at room temperature.
solid
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Fats in beef, pork, egg yolks, and dairy foods are high in _______ fatty acids.
saturated or unsatruated
saturated
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Most vegetable fats (olive, canola, soybean, corn, and cottonseed oils) are high in ________ fatty acids.
saturated or unsaturated
unsaturated
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Unsaturated fats are usually ________ at room temperature.
liquid (oils)
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Which fatty acid increases the risk for heart disease?
saturated fatty acid
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Which fatty acid reduces risk of heart disease.
unsaturated fatty acids
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What is a health function of fats?
- transport vitamins
- linoieic (growth and healthy skin)
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What is a waxy lipidlike substance that circulates in blood?
cholesterol
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Compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of other nutrients.
vitamins
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Vitamins are classified as either __________ or __________.
water or fat-soluble
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Which vitamins dissolve in water and pass easily into the blood druing digestion.
water-soluble
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Which vitamins do you need to replenish every day because your body doesn't store them.
water-soluble
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Which vitamins are absorbed, stored, and transported in fat.
fat-soluble
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Excess buildup of fat-soluble vitamins can be what?
toxic (deadly)
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Substances that the body cannot manufacture but that are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes.
minerals
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What nutrient is vital to every body function? It carries wastes from your cells. It lubricates your joints and mucous membranes.
water
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How much water should you drink each day?
8 cups
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What are the water-soluble vitamins?
(7 of them)
C, B-1, B-2, Niacin, B-6, Folic acid, B-12
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What are the Fat-soluble vitamins? (4 of them)
A, D, E, K
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What are some important minerals? (4 of them)
- calcium
- phosphorous
- magnesium
- iron
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