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What is a hypotonic IV solution?
- -More water than electrolytes
- -Water moves from ECF to ICF by osmosis
- -Usually maintenance Fluids
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What is an isotonic solution?
- -Expands only ECF
- -No net loss or gain from ICF
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What is a hypertonic solution?
- -Initially expands and raises the osmolality of ECF
- -Requires frequent monitoring of BP, lung sounds, and serum sodium levels
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What is D5W?
- -Isotonic
- -Provides 170 cal/L
- -Free water, moves into ICF, increases renal solute to excretion
- -Used to replace water loss and hyponatremia
- -Does not provide electrolytes
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What is Normal Saline (NS)?
- -Isotonic
- -No calories
- -More NaCl than ECF
- -30% stays in IV
- -70% moves out of IV
- -Does not change ICF
- -preferred fluid for immediate response, risk for fluid overload
- -Compatible with most meds
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What is Lactated Ringer's?
- -Isotonic
- -More similar to plasma than NS
- -Has less NaCl, had K, Ca, Po34, lactate
- -Expands ECF
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What is D5(1/2)NS
- -Hypertonic
- -Common maintenance fluid
- -KCl added for maintenacne or replacement
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What is D10W?
- -Hypertonic
- -Provides 340 kcal/l
- -Free water
- -Limit of dextrose concentration may be infused peripherally
- -Stay in vascular space and increase osmotic pressure
- -Colloids- Albumin, Plasma, Commerical plasmas, packed RBCs
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