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Name the two girdles and limbs that compose the appendicular skeleton
Pectoral girdle
Pelvic girdle
Upper limbs
Lower limbs
What does the Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle consist of?
Scapula and clavicle
What does the clavicle articulate with? (2 things)
Sternum (sternoclavicular joint)
Scapula (acromioclavicular joint)
How is the scapula held in place?
Muscle only
Where is the upper limb attached?
To pectoral girdle at shoulder (glenohumeral joint)
Name the triangular flat bone found in upper back region
Scapula
Scapular spine ends as _______ process
acromion
(a sharp ridge widening to a flat process)
What forms shoulder joint with head of humerus
Glenoid cavity
What is present for muscular attachments to scapula?
Supraspinous & infraspinous fossa
What is the subscapular fossa on the scapula filled with?
Muscle
_______ process for muscle attachment on scapula
Coracoid
How many bones are in the upper limb?
30 bones
Name the joints in the upper extremity (5)
1. shoulder (glenohumeral)
2. Elbow
3. Wrist
4. Metacarpophalangeal
5. Interphalangeal
The radius and ulna articulate with the ________
humerus
Where is the interosseous membrane located?
forearm
True or false: radius and ulna articulate with each other at BOTH ends
True
False
True
How many bones are in the wrist (carpal)?
8
In how many rows are the bones in the carpal arranged?
2
Tunnel of bone & flexor retinaculum in which tendons of digits are located
carpal tunnel
How many metacarpals?
5
What are the 4 parts of the metacarpals?
1. base
2. shaft
3. head
4. knuckles (metacarpophalangeal joints)
How many phalanges in total?
14
Singular form of phalanges
phalanx
What are the parts of the phalanges (except the thumb)
1. proximal
2. middle
3. distal
(on each finger)
Two hipbones (coxal bones) united at pubic symphysis
Pelvic girdle
What does the pelvic girdle articulate with?
Articulate posteriorly with sacrum at sacroiliac joints
What is composed of the three bones: ilium, pubis & ischium
Each hip bone
When and where does the hip bone fuse?
After birth at acetabulum
What is the largest bone in the hip bone?
Ilium
What is the iliac crest for?
muscle attachment
What is the joint found in the hip bone?
Sacroiliac joint
What is the Greater Sciatic Notch for?
Sciatic Nerve
Obturator foramen is closed by _____ ___________
fibrous membrane
Inferior and posterior part
Ischial tuberosity
Jointed anteriorly to the pubis
Ischium
Anterior and inferior part
pubic symphysis is pad of fibrocartilage between 2 pubic bones
Pubis
What is composed of the: sacrum, coccyx & 2 hip bones?
Pelvis
Sacral promontory to symphysis pubis
Separates false from true pelvis
Pelvic brim
What does the false pelvis do?
Only holds abdominal organs
What does the true pelvis do?
Holds reproductive organs
Male or female pelvis:
larger and heavier
larger articular surfaces
larger muscle attachements
Male
Male or female pelvis:
wider & shallower
larger pelvic inlet & outlet
more space in true pelvis
pubic arch greater than 90 degrees
Female
How many bones in each lower limb?
30
Name the 3 joints in the lower extremity
Hip
Knee
Ankle
Longest and strongest bone in body
Head articulates with acetabulum
Neck is common fracture site
Femur
Sesamoid bone (develops in tendon)
Incresases leverage of quadriceps femoris tendon
Patella
Medial & larger bone of leg
Weight-bearing bone
Tibia
Proximal tibiofibular joint
Medial malleolus at ankle
Tibia
Not part of knee joint
Muscle attachment only
Lateral
malleolus at ankle
Fibula
How many bones does the proximal region of food contain?
7 tarsal bones
ankle bone
articulates with tibia and fibula
Talus
Heel bone
Calcaneus
Midregion of the foot
5 of them
Each with base, shaft, and head
Metatarsus
Distal portion of foot
Similar in numbrer and arrangement to the hand
Phalanges
Distribute body weight over foot
Yield and spring back when weight is lifted
Arches of the foot
Where are the arches located on each foot?
Longitudinal arches along each side of foot
Transverse arch across midfoot region
Author
alannaheeres
ID
105804
Card Set
Anatomy
Description
Appendicular Skeleton
Updated
2011-10-02T20:39:20Z
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