quiz 2 - Phar 605

fluticasone propionate (nasal)

antiallergy agent

steroid binds and cause synthesis of specific enzymes to carryout antiallergy and anti-inflammatory actions.

Spray

escitalopram oxalate

antidepressant

• S-enantiomer of citalopram
• serotonin reuptake inhibitor blocking neuronally (human platelets in CNS).

• Tablets (5, 10, 20 mg)
• Oral solution (5 mg/5mL - peppermint flavor)

tramadol hydrochloride

analgesic

• bind to m-opioid receptor and inhibit reuptake of NE and serotonin
• M1 metabolite form - 6x potent in producting analgesia

Tablets (50 mg)

tramadol hydrochloride

analgesic

• bind to m-opioid receptor and inhibit reuptake of NE and serotonin
• M1 metabolite form - 6x potent in producing analgesia

Tablets (extended-release - 100, 200, 300 mg)

tramadol hydrochloride

analgesic

• bind to m-opioid receptor and inhibit reuptake of NE and serotonin
• M1 metabolite form - 6x potent in producing analgesia

Tablets (extended-release - 100, 200, 300 mg)

furosemide

diuretic

loop diuretic inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride

• Tablets (20, 40, 80 mg)
• Oral Solution (10 mg/mL, 40 mg/5mL)
• Injection (10 mg/mL)

sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim

antibiotic

• Trimethoprim inhibits exzyme dihydrofolate reductase
• Sulfamethoxazole is competitive antagonist of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)

• Tablets (regular, double)
• Suspension
• Injection

sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim

antibiotic

• Trimethoprim inhibits enzyme dihydrofolate reductase
• Sulfamethoxazole is competitive antagonist of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)

• Tablets (regular, double)
• Suspension
• Injection

esomeprazole magnesium

gastric antisecretory

esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system at secretory surface of gastric parietal cell - inhibit final step of acid production

• Capsules (delayed - 20, 40 mg)
• Granules for oral suspension (10, 20, 40 mg)
• Powder for Injection (20, 40 mg)

montelukast sodium

antiasthmatic

Montelukast binds to CystLT1 receptors to block leukotrienes (correlated with asthma)

• Tablets (chewable, regular)
• Granules

amoxicillin with clavulanate potassium

antibiotic

• Amoxicillin is a bacteriocidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation of transpeptidase enzyme
• Clavulanic acid binds competitively to active sites of beta-lactamase enzymes to protect penicillin and cephalosporins from destruction (beta-lactamase bacteria cause otitis media)

• Tablets (regular, chewable)
• Oral Suspension

amoxicillin with clavulanate potassium

antibiotic

• Amoxicillin is a bacteriocidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis via acylation of transpeptidase enzyme
• Clavulanic acid binds competitively to active sites of beta-lactamase enzymes to protect penicillin and cephalosporins from destruction (beta-lactamase bacteria cause otitis media)

Tablets (extended)

cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride

muscle relaxant

does not act directly on skeletal muscle or at neuromuscular synapses, probably affect brain stem in CNS to cause overall reduction of tonic somatic motor activity influencing both alpha and gamma motoneurons

Capsules (extended)

cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride

muscle relaxant

does not act directly on skeletal muscle or at neuromuscular synapses, probably affect brain stem in CNS to cause overall reduction of tonic somatic motor activity influencing both alpha and gamma motoneurons

Tablets (5, 10 mg)

cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride

muscle relaxant

does not act directly on skeletal muscle or at neuromuscular synapses, probably affect brain stem in CNS to cause overall reduction of tonic somatic motor activity influencing both alpha and gamma motoneurons

Tablets (7.5 mg)

gabapentin

anticonvulsant/antineuralgic

unknown, looks like GABA, but doesn't interact with that pathway

• Tablets (600, 800 mg)
• Capsules (100, 300, 400 mg)
• Oral solution (250 mg/5 mL)

lorazepam

antianxiety agent

benzodiazepines facilitate the inhibitory neurotransmitter action of GABA, which mediates both pre- and post-synaptic inhibition in all regions of the CNS.

• Tablets (0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg)
• Injection (2 mg/mL, 4 mg/mL)
• Solution, Intensol (2 mg/mL)

fluticasone propionate with salmeterol xinafoate

antiasthmatic

• fluticasone propionate forms steroid-receptor complex in cytoplasm and enter nucleus to amek enzymes that carry out its antiallergy and anti-inflammatory actions
• Salmeterol stimulates adenyl cyclase, increased cAMP associated with relaxation and inhibit release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells (mast cells)

• Advair Diskus
• Advair HFA

metoprolol succinate

antihypertensive

cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker that decrease and inhibit stuff

Tablets (extended)

meloxicam

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)

inhibit cyclooxygenase to decrease synthesis of prostaglandins

• Tablets (7.5, 15 mg)
• Oral suspension (7.5 mg/ 5 mL)

potassium chloride (oral)

electrolyte

potassium is the principal intracellular cation of most body tissues, replenish

• Tablets (controlled, coated, effervescent)
• Capsules
• Powder packets
• Solution

potassium chloride (oral)

electrolyte

potassium is the principal intracellular cation of most body tissues, replenish

• Tablets (controlled, coated, effervescent)
• Capsules
• Powder packets
• Solution

potassium chloride (oral)

electrolyte

potassium is the principal intracellular cation of most body tissues, replenish

• Tablets (controlled, coated, effervescent)
• Capsules
• Powder packets
• Solution

warfarin sodium (crystalline)

anticoagulant

antagonizes vitamin K to decrease vitamin K-dependent clotting factors

• Tablets
• Powder for Injection (lyophilized)

warfarin sodium (crystalline)

anticoagulant

antagonizes vitamin K to decrease vitamin K-dependent clotting factors

• Tablets
• Powder for Injection (lyophilized)

fluconazole

antifungal

highly selective inhibitor of fungal cytochrome P-450 sterol C-14 alpha-demethylation (less in mammalian cell), the accumulation is fungistatic

• Tablets (50, 100, 150, 200 mg)
• Powder for oral suspension (10 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL)
• Injection (2 mg/mL)

quetiapine fumerate

antipsychotic

multiple neurotransmitter antagonist especially at dopamine D2 and serotonin 5HT2 receptors

Tablets (regular, extended - XR)

naproxen

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)

inhibition of cyclooxygenase resulting in decreased prostaglandins

• Tablets (250 mg, 375 mg, 500 mg)
• Suspension (125 mg/5 mL)

naproxen

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID)

inhibition of cyclooxygenase resulting in decreased prostaglandins

Tablets (delayed-release enteric coated)

topiramate

antiepileptic

unknown, maybe of 3 known properties - blcoekd sustained depolarization (state-dependent sodium channel blocking action), increase frequency of GABA-A receptor activation, let chlroide ions into neurons, antagonize kainate to activate kainate/AMPA receptor

• Tablets (25, 50, 100, 200 mg)
• Sprinkle capsules (15, 25 mg)