Cummings Notes csv.csv

jugular notch; costal margin; umbilicus; iliac crest; ASIS; transpyloric (L1)

Females-ilioinguineal nerve and the round ligament. Males- Ilioinguineal nerve and spermatic chord (its contents)

Deep (from transversalis facia) and superficial rings (from external oblique aponeurosis)

ductus deferens and associate blood vessels; testicular artery; pampiniform venous plexus; autonomic nerves; lymphatics

process vaginalis and tunica vaginalis testes (peritonium); internal spermatic fascia (transversalis fascia); transverse abdominis give nothing; cremaster muscle and fascia (internal oblique); external spermatic fascia (external oblique)

Above arcurate line--external oblique and interal oblique resides above the rectus abdominus. Below arcurate line--external; internal oblique; and transversalis abdominus. Point of attachment for abdominal mm and aid in containment of abd mm.

Compress; protect; support; breathing; flexion

usually seen in adults; acquired; medial to the epigastric blood vessles; do not pass through deep inguinal ring; may pass superficial ring

seen in both adults and children; associated with patent processus vaginalis; congenial; lateral to the inferior epigastric blood; passes through the deep inguinal ring; has same covering as spermatic cord; pass though the superficial inguinal ring

double layered peritoneum; suspents organs to abdominal wall; conducts blood vessels and lymphatics to these organs.

informed consent is a legal term; shared decision making is how it works in practice.

voluntariness; decisional capacity- person has to be capable

nature of treatment; purpose of treatment; risks and consequences; benefits; alternatives; probability of success; prognosis if therapy is foregone.

Decisional Capacity: specific medical decision; determined by physician with aid of specialists; can be short term of long term. Competency: conduct life afairs; decided by court; generally long term.

Proxy is appointed by patient. Surrogate not appointed by patient to make medical decisions should the patient lose capacity.

Substituted judgment standard- what the patient would want. Best interest standard- what a typical person in similar circustance would want.

Emergency; incapacity; patient waiver; national/state health programs; therapeutic priviledge.

Generally better communication.