-
Growth rate usually corresponds to...
degree of differentiation
-
Metaplasia:
- Transformation of one adult cell type to another of the same germ layer
- (epithelium and CT)
-
Characterizations of neoplasia (5):
- Growth w/o control
- No orderly arrangement
- No function
- Resemble originating cells
- No etiology
-
Malignant implies (2):
- Ability to invade locally and destroy
- Metastasis
-
Term used to describe tumor cells that don't resemble parent tissue (undifferentiated):
Anaplasia
-
Increased Anaplasia=>
Increased malignancy
-
Two benign tumors that grow rapidly:
- Canine oral Papilloma
- Canine Hormone Dep Mammary Tumors
-
Metastasis occurs via:
- Blood Vascular Sys
- Lymphatic System
- Body Cavities
- Along Epithelium
- Along Duct Systems
-
What tumors spread via body cavities (Serous Mem) (5)?
- Splenic Hemangiosarcoma
- Ovarian
- Intestinal
- Gastric Carcinoma
- Pulmonary Tumors
-
What tumor spreads along epithelium (1)?
- Mammary Carcinoma
- -> Inguinal region
-
Tumors that spread along Duct Systems (3)?
- Mammary Gland Tumors
- Testicular Tumors
- Renal Pelvic Tumors
-
Angiogenesis VS Hemangiosarcoma
- Angiogenesis= New BV Formation
- Hemangiosarcoma= Tumor in BV endothelium
-
Targets for Genetic Damage:
- Protooncogenes
- Cancer Suppressor Genes
- Proteins that Regulate apoptosis
-
Oncogenes are derived from...
Protooncogenes
-
Protooncogenes regulate:
- Growth Factors
- Signaling molecules
- Cell Cycle Regulators
-
What controls normal cell proliferation/inhibit growth?
Cancer Supressor Genes
-
Contagious cancers:
- DFTD (Devil Facial Tumor)
- TVT
-
Carcinogenic Viruses:
- Papilloma
- Myxo
- Adeno
- Herpes
- Retrovirus
- (fel. sarcoma, FeLV, BoLV, Avian leukosarcosis)
-
What tumors secrete Ca?
- Anal Sac Adenoma
- Lymphosarcoma
- Multiple Myeloma (Plasma Cell Tumor)
- (Dogs only)
-
What tumors induce hypoglycemia?
- Insulinoma in dogs
- (+/- hepatocellular carc., hepatoma, mammary, pulmonary carc., salivary carc, leuiomyoma)
- (Mostly only dogs)
-
Term used to describe systemic complications of neoplasia that are remote from the primary tumor:
Paraneoplastic Syndroms
-
Paraneoplastic Syndroms Affect...(5)
- Metabolism (Hypercalcemia & Hypoglycemia)
- Bones
- Constituents of Circulation
- Neurologic
- Skin
-
Tumors affecting bones
Hypertrophic (pulmonary) Osteopathy, HO
-
Location of SCC's in...
Dogs:
Cats:
Cattle:
Horses:
- Dogs: Skin
- Cats: Skin
- Cattle: Eye & Vulva
- Horses: Eye lid & Penis
-
Tumor often seen in nail bed epithelium of dogs
Sugungual SCC
-
Upon histologic exam, what => round holes w/ homogenous pink staining?
SCC
-
Benign neoplasm, caused by viruses and is not found in cats:
Papilloma
-
Upon histological exam => Non homogenous center surrounded by CT
Papilloma
-
Most common tumor associated with...
Bovine Penis=
Equine Penis=
- bovine= Papilloma
- equine= SCC
-
Common skin tumors in many species, except dogs
Fibroma
-
Most common skin tumor in cats & +/- dogs
Fibrosarcoma
-
Feline Fibrosarcoma is caused by...
- FeLV
- Feline Sarcoma Virus
- Inflammation/Trauma
- Vaccine Associated Fibrosarcomas
-
Which is more common, fibroma or fibrosarcoma?
Fibrosarcoma
-
What tumor arises in the mesentary of horses & is fatal due to strangulation of the bowel? *
Lipomas
-
Histiocytomas originate where?
- Langerhan's cells
- (Cutanoues MO)
-
Benign tumor that grows rapidly and forms a "button"
Histiocytoma
-
-
Tumor often found in Grey Horses
- Melanomas & Melanocytomas
- (Peri-anal & Perineal)
-
Tumor frequently found in dogs. Start in skin and metasises to regional LN
Mast Cell Tumor
-
What tumor causes edema of the limbs, puritic papillocrustus lesions and lymphadenopathy in cats?
Cutaneous Mast Cells Tumor
-
___ is the most common site for neoplasia in cats, & ___ is the most common type of neoplasia
-
In contrast to other species, no viral etiology has been found for ____ in dogs
Lymphosarcoma
-
Forms of lymphosarcomas:
- Multicentric
- Alimentry
- Mediastinal
-
What tumor does not spare any tissues in cattle?
Lymphosarcoma, Enzootic Leukosis
-
What causes Hyper calcemia in dogs, bone lysis and M Protein in BM & urine?
Multiple Myeloma (Plasma Cell Tumor)
-
Location of Hemangiosarcoma in...
Dogs:
Cats:
- Dogs: Sleen
- Cats: Skin & Spleen
-
Mammary tumors most often occur in which glands?
Two Caudal Glands
-
Frequency of Malignant Mammary Gland tumors in (vs benign)...
Dogs:
Cats:
-
What time of tumor is Canine Mammary Tumor?
Mixed
-
In cats, mammary hyperplasias can be differentiated from mammary tumors based on...
- Hyperplasia=
- Young cats
- Acute onset
-
Where do Anal gland adenomas/adenocarcinomas arise from?
Perianal Gland tumor?
- AG: Aprocrine/Sweat Glands
- Perianal: Modified Sebaceous Glands (Hair glands)
-
AG Adenomas secrete...
Paratharmone => Hypercalcemia
-
What tumor is morphologically similiar to liver and is 90% benign?
Perianal Gland Tumor
-
Three testicular neoplasms:
- Sertoli Cell Carcinoma
- Seminoma
- Interstitial Cell Tumor
-
Which Testicular Tumor is most common in dogs?
Sertoli Cell Tumors
-
Which testicular tumor causes feminization & bone marrow depression?
Sertoli Cell Tumors (++ Estrogen)
-
Benign tumor that causes nymphomania/masculinization in cows & mares
Granulosa Cell Tumor (ovary)
|
|