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What involves the use of tools of mechanics, the branch of physics that analyzes the action of forces, in the study of anatomical and functional aspects of living organisms?
biomechanics
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What is statics?
STILL; bodies at rest or in uniform motion
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What is dynamics?
MOVING; bodies in motion or a body accelerating or decelerating
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Dynamics can be classified as what 2 things?
kinematics, kinetics
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What is the geometry of motion?
kinematics
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What is the study of forces (acting on movement)?
kinetics
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Kinematics has 4 categories, what are they?
- 1.displacement
- 2.velocity
- 3.acceleration
- 4.deceleration
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What is displacement?
distance traveled from point A to point B
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What is the speed? (displacement/time)
velocity
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What is the rate of increase in speed?
acceleration
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What is the rate in the decrease of speed?
deceleration
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What is osteokinematics?
movement of bones
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What is arthrokinematics?
movements of joints
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Internal and external forces are part of what?
kinetics
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What are some examples of external forces?
gravity, friction, barometric pressure, wind and water resistance
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What are some examples of internal forces?
muscles/soft tissues(swollen, etc..), friction (bone surface, synovial fluid)
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What 3 things are needed to have a vector quantities?
- 1. a point of application
- 2. an action line and direction
- 3. a magnitude (intensity)
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What has both magnitude and direction?
vector quantity
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What has magnitude only?
scalar
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What is another term for intensity?
magnitude
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What is another name for linear motion?
translatory motion
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What type of motion has each point that moves through the same distance at the same time in parallel paths?
linear (translatory) motion
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What is rectilinear motion?
jumping up; moving or forming a straight line
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What kind of motion moves in a curved line?
curvilinear
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What is another name for angular motion?
rotary motion
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What is angular (rotary) motion?
has an axis or point and everything else moves around the point
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What kind of motion is chaotic and has no pattern to it?
general motion
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What doe linear kinematics of the human body involve?
study of shape, form, pattern, and sequencing of linear movement through time
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What are 2 examples of linear kinematics?
scalar, vector quantity
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What is a scalar quantity?
magnitude only, can be represented by a certain point; has certain length, are, or number (drove 70 miles, weighs 165 lbs)
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What is a vector quantity?
direction and magnitude
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Distance is what quantity?
scalar (10ft, 20ft etc..)
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What type of quantity is displacement?
vector (has a start/end point, change in position)
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Scalar/vector? Patient ambulated 12 feet.
scalar
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Scalar/vector? Patient ambulated 12 fet from the bed to the door.
vector
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What type of quantity is better/more descriptive?
vector..use displacement instead of just distance
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What is speed?
movement, how fast, less descriptive
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What is displacement/time, acceleration and deceleration?
velocity
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Linear kinetics of the human body has to deal with what?
Newtons laws
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What is newtons 1st law?
law of inertia
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What law states a body will maintain a state of rest or constant velocity unless acted on by an external force that changes the state?
1st law
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What is the property of an object that makes it resist both the initiation of motion and a change in motion?
inertia
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What is inertia?
what you have to overcome in order to make a movement happen
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What are some examples of inertia?
grippy stuff on bottom of hospital socks (increased inertia makes it harder to move), whiplash
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The law of acceleration is which law?
2nd law
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What does the 2nd law state?
an object will only accelerate if a force acts on it
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Acceleration is inversely proportional to what?
mass (the bigger something is the lower the acceleration; kick ball, bowling ball)
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When a force acts upon an object it is proportional to what?
the acceleration
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Force is directly proportional to what?
acceleration
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What is newtons 3rd law?
law of reaction
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What does the law of reaction state?
for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
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