T/F: Human somatic cells contain diploid number of chromosomes.
nucleotides.
True.
T/F: Human somatic cells can divide continuously in adult body.
False
T/F: Human somatic cells are usually spherical in shape.
False
T/F: Human somatic cells usually do not contain DNA with the same number and sequence nucleotides.
False
T/F: Prokaryotes secrete hormones in the bloodstream of hosts.
False
T/F: Prokaryotes divide by mitosis.
False
T/F: Prokaryotes have well defined organelles.
False
T/F: Prokaryotes do not have membrane bound organelles characteristic of eukaryotic cells.
True.
salts and ions are important because...
physiologic processes
the central dogma of molecular biology is DNA to RNA to polypeptideindicated?
everything, glow of genetic material
the best light microscope has a resolving power of about
0.2 micrometers
the best transmission electron microscope has a resolving power of about
2-3 angstums
All modern cells are believed to be originated from
pre-existing cells, common ancestor
Imagine a mouse with a genetic defect that prevents its mitochondria from funtioning properly. The mouse is likely to experience...
anaerobic respiration; since mitochondria is the site of energy production, mouse will feel weak or tired.
Potential side effects of anabolic steroids include the following...
male- womanizing features
femaile- masculine features
baldness, stroke
cell theory
all living things are composed of cells
cells arise from other cells
cells are the site of all metabolic reactions in an organism
cells contain hereditary material (genes)
Autotrophs
make their own food
heterotrophs
must consume in order to gain energy
prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in that
plant vs animal cells
cell wall vs cell membrane
chloroplasts
What type of bond links the two hydrogen atoms?
H+H--> H:H
nonpolar covalent bond
Cells that continue to proliferate in the adult human body...
skin, stomach lining, intestinal lining, germ cells in males
Name some cells that rarely proliferate.
nerve cells, muscle cells
T/F: Radioactive isotopes are often used as markers in biomedical research.
True
T/F: Radioactive isoptopes usually absorb energy.
False.
T/F: Radioactive isotopes are mutagens and may increase teh incidence of certain human cancers.
True
T/F: Radioactive isotopes have teh same number of protons and electrons, only the number of neurtons vary.
True
Name the two processes involved in the formation of two daughter cells from one parent cell.
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?
cytokinesis is the division of ctoplasm, while mitosis is the duplication and division of nuclear content
Is this correctly matched?
carbohydrate and fructose
yes
Is this correctly matched?
DNA and Uracil
No
Is this correctly matched?
lipid and glycerol
yes
mycoplasma (pplo) differ from viruses in that they...
[pleuropneumonia-like organism (pplo)]
viruses do not have metabolic machinery and connot reproduce on their own, only have DNA or RNA, not both; mycolplasmas have all.
Which of the following is not a membrane bound protein?
A) cytoskeleton
which tissue covers animals body surfaces
epithelial
microfilaments
contractile proteins, plays a role in shape change and cell motility
microtubules
elongation, structural proteins
if lysosomes are busted inside a cell, the immediate result is likely to be...
the death of that cell
Why are mature human rebd blood cells discoidal instead of spherical?
lack of nucleus and organelles
need flexibility to fit in capillaries
optimal for oxygen exchange
cyclic AMP
most common secondary messenger
ATP
adenosine triphoshate, energy
cytochrome
membrane bound hemoproteins taht help carry out electron transport
hemoglobin
oxygen and carbon dioxide carrier but like oxygen more, found in red blood cells, contain iron making cells red
why do people without enough iron in their diet feel weak and tired?
without iron, hemoglobin is not produced, therefore less oxygen can attach to red blood cells, this affects cellular respiration and therefore enegy production.
what is the main function of polysaccharides in living animal cells.
energy storage
T/F:Cancer cells are loosely adherent to other cels
True
T/F: Cancer cells resemble embryonic cells in many aspects
True
T/F: Cancer cells do die but at a slower rate
True
T/F: Cancer cells cannot recognize other cells of tehir own kind
True
Atom
the smalles unit of an element that still retains the chemical properties of the substances
molecule
atoms held together by chemical bonds
organic compound
compounds composed of carbon
chromatin
chromosomal material when cell is not dividing
chromatid
chromosomal material when cell is dividing
T/F: Proteins may be denatured by extremes of heat or pH
true
T/F: Proteins may function as enzymes
True
T/F: Their specificity depends at least in part on the way in which they are folded
true
T/F: Proteins are composed of polynucleotide chains
False
what are the major fungtions of the ECM
rich in glycoproteins and glycolipids, involved in cell processes (cell recognition, cell adhesion)
Cell
structural and functional unit of an organism, smallest unit considered to be alive
tissue
same tupes of cells grouped together with common function
organ
two or more tissues together functioning as one
name the 11 organ systems
viruses are not considered living matter mainly because...
they do not have metabolic machinery
lipids
fatty acids, glycerol
carbohydrates
many monosaccharides linked together
nucleic acid
nitrogen base, pentose, phosphate
proteins
amino acids
How does the DNA of different somatic cells in your body compare?
All exactly the same
Gene
hereditary material that codes for specific proteins
ion
charged atom, caused when an atom loses or gains an electron
Stem Cells
undifferentiated cells
At which part of the molecule do two amino acids differ?
the R-group or the functional group
carotenoids
major constituent of animal and plant pigments, pigment
cholesterol
substrate for synthesis of sex hormones
prostaglandins
regulation of inflammation and blood clotting
vitamin d
calcification of bone matrix
bile salts
break down of fats in human intestine, emulsification of fats
androgen
phospholipids
major constituent of the cellular membrane
name the conjugated protein: eukaryotic comosome
nucleoprotein
name the conjugated protein: extracellular material
glycoprotein
name the conjugated protein: cytochrom
chromo protein
name the conjugated protein: mitochondrial membrane
lipoprotein
heparin
anticoagulant substance
glycogen
insoluble glucose polymer that is produced in animals