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What two parts of the assessment are done after the focused assessment?
Detailed and ongoing.
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List five devices used to lift and move a patient
- Backboard
- Scoop stretcher
- Gurney
- Stair chair
- Butt bucket
- Slider board
- Sheet
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List five actions to take when lifting a pt to prevent back injury
- When possible, use a stair chair
- Know weight to be lifted
- Ensure enough help is available.
- Use at least two people
- Use an even number of people to lift
- Keep back locked.
- Keep feet a comfortable distance apart
- Avoid reaching more than 15-20 inches
- Tighten your abdominal muscles
- Keep feet flat on the ground
- Keep the center of your body over the object
- Straighten your legs as you lift.
- Keep your back locked into position, don't twist
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List three emergency moves
- Feet drag
- Clothes drag
- Blanket drag
- Shoulder drag
- Forearm drag
- Cradle carry
- Two person carry
- Direct ground lift
- Extremity lift
- Direct carry
- Draw sheet transfer
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Describe why it is important to do a detailed and on going assessment.
In order to continue to identify any problems and also to note if there are any changes in the patient's status
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What does DCAPBTLS stand for?
- Deformity
- Contusion
- Abrasion or amputation
- Penetration or puncture
- Burns
- Tenderness
- Laceration
- Swelling
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What is the most important part of a focused trauma assessment?
Doing the hands on
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What is the most important part of a focused medical assessment?
Getting a good patient history
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List the four senses you must use during your assessment, and what you would note with each!
- Sight: Skin color; pupils; bleeding; facial expressions; posturing
- Smell: Diabetic keto Acidosis; vomit; blood; death; gangrene; GI bleed
- Touch: Diaphoresis; pulse; fracture; dislocation
- Hearing: Blood pressure; history; pain; breath sounds
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Six steps of the initial assessment
- General impression
- LOC
- A
- B
- C
- Priority
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Five findings for airway
- Phonation
- Color
- Position
- Sounds
- Rate
- LOC
- Obstruction
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Five findings when assessing breathing
- Rate
- Depth
- Volume
- Color
- Chest rise and fall
- Color
- Sounds
- Quality
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Five findings when assessing circulation
- Color
- LOC
- Mentation
- Temperature
- Bleeding
- Central vs peripheral
- Capillary refill
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Define ventilation
The amount of air moved in or out during one inspiration or expiration
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Define oxygenation
Saturation of the body with oxygen
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Define perfusion
A constant flow of blood through the capillaries
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How often do you retake vital signs?
- Every 5 minutes on an unstable patient
- Every 15 minutes on a stable patient
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Four colors you may find and two causes of each
- Pale: Shock, hypoxia, burns, poor perfusion
- Cyanosis: Hypoxia, hypothermia
- Red: Hyperthermia, CO poisoning, burns, exercise
- Mottling: Cardiogenic shock, septic shock, hypovelemic shock
- Yellow: Liver failure, gallbladder failure, hepatitis, alcoholism
- Black: Necrosis, burns, frostbite
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List three ways you may find pupils and two causes of each.
- Constricted: Light, narcotic overdose, organophosphates, barbiturates
- Dilated: Head injuries, shock, cocaine, meth
- Unequal: Aniscoria, head injuries
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List five causes of bradycardia and tachycardia
- Bradycardia: Narcotics, hypothermia, head injury, late hypoxia, cardiac disease, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACS
- Tachycardia: Shock, anxiety, meth, cocaine, epinephrine, hyperthermia, dever, infection, exercise, ACS
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What does AVPU stand for? What is it used for?
- Determining the responsiveness of a patient who has decreased awareness.
- A: Alert
- V: Verbal
- P: Painful
- U: Unresponsive
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What does GCS stand for? What are the scores for each section?
- Eyes: Open - 4, Open to verbal command - 3, Open to painful stimuli - 2, No response - 1
- Verbal: Alert - 5, Disoriented - 4, Inappropriate - 3, Incomprehensible - 2, No response - 1
- Motor: Alert - Obeys command - 6, Localizes pain - 5, Withdraws from pain - 4, Decorticate (abnormal flexxion) - 3, Decerebrate (abnormal extension) - 2, None - 1
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