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What are the SSRI's and how do they work?
- Celexa, Lexapro, Paxil, Prozac, Zoloft
- -works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin
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Name the tricyclic antidepressants and how they work?
- Pamelor, Elavil, Doxepin, Tofranil
- -works by blocking norepi and to a lesser degree, serotonin
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What are the SNRI's and how do they work?
- Cymbalta, Effexor, Remeron, Trazodone, Wellbutrin
- -They block the reuptake of norepi and serotonin
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What are your MAOI's and how do they work?
- Nardil, Parnate
- -they work by inhibiting MAO in the presynaptic cell thereby preventing the destruction of neurotransmitters therefore increasing the amount available for use
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What are your antianxiety/benzo's and how do they work?
- Ativan, Klonopin, Valium, Xanax
- -work by enhancing GABA receptors by binding to the adjacent benzodiazepine receptors and allowing GABA to inhibit the CNS more forcefully
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This antianxiety med is not a benzo and has an unknown action but does have a high affinity for serotonin receptors. It is not addictive, with no sedative properties
BuSpar
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What are your Standard/Typical antipsychotics and how do they work?
- Thorazine,Haldol, Prolixin
- -these work by blocking dopamine receptors in pts with Schizophrenia and Tourette's
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What are your atypical antipsychotics and how do they work?
- Abilify, Clozaril, Geodon,Riserdol, Seroquel, Zyprexa
- -works by blocking serotonin and dopamine receptors (serotonin-dopamine antagonists) They affect the negative and positive sides of Schizophrenia
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What class is Lithium in and what is it used for?
Mood stabilizer used for bipolar
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What is some teaching about lithium that we need to address to our pts?
- -Maintain sodium intake (about 2g) don't raise or lower your usual intake.
- -drink the usual 6-8 glasses of water/day
- -Take c food
- -restrict caffeine
- -fine hand tremors are expected
- -dysrythmias & seizures may occur
- -keep appts for frequent lab value levels
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What are the therapeutic lab values as well as a toxic value?
- therapeutic= 0.6/1.2
- toxic= 1.5 or greater
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What are your mood stabilizers/anticonvulsants and how do they work?
- Depakote, Lamictal, Neurontin, Tegretol, Topramax
- They increase GABA in the brain therefore decreasing mania in bipolar pts
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What is Dopamine responsible for in our bodies?
- Stimulation of heart and blood flow to other visceral organs
- fine muscle movement
- emotions and thoughts
- decision making
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What is Norepi responsible for in our bodies?
- Mood
- attention and arousal
- stimulates sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight) in response to stress
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If someone presents in the state of mania, what neurotransmitter would you expect to see increased in the brain?
Norepinphrine
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If someone presents with psychosis, what neurotransmitter would you expect to see evelvated in the brain?
Dopamine
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What conditions would you present with if you had a decrease in serotonin?
How about an increase?
- Decrease=depression
- Increase=anxiety
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What is histamine responsible for?
- Alertness
- Inflammaotry response
- stimulates gastric secretions
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What is the function of acetylcholine?
- Plays a role in learning and memory
- regulated mood:mania, sexual aggression
- stimulates parasympathetic nervous system (rest and digest)
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In a person with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, what neurotransmitter would be affected and how?
Acetylcholine would be decreased
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What is the function of GABA?
- Reduces anxiety, excitation, & aggression
- anticonvulsant and muscle-relaxing properties
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If you have mania, anxiety, or schizophrenia, would you expect your GABA to be increased or decreased in your brain?
Decreased
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