nervous system

• -pressure against the foot
• -stimulates to Pacinian corpuscles in the subcutaneous tissue
• -elicits the reflex contraction of the extensor muscles of the lower extremity
• ex: jumping over a hurdle, one leg will thrust your other leg

cooperates w flexor reflex response to pain in a weight bearing limb

self protection

ex. step on sharp shell, other leg holds you up

• -response to pain
• -self protection
• flexor-withdrawal
• we don't have to decide
• pain awareness after withdraw
• pain no part of reflex action

• -reflexes that occur in response to stimulation of receptors located in the:Skeletal musclestendons,joints,labyrinths of the ear reltated to motions and postions of the body
• -internal stimulus (not external)

• -stretch on the muscle stimulates the muscle spindle
• -reflex contraction of the stretched muscle and its synergists and relaxation of its antagonists

• -reflexes rapid
• -contraction brief duration
• -if stretch is sudden and strong, the stretched muscle contracts quickly and forcefully
• ex. knee jerk when hit with hammer drs. office

• -slow stretch
• -greater or prolonged stretch is neccessary to elicit this response

ex. wt placed in the hand with the forearm at 90 degrees at elbow. response subtle depression(extension at elbow) immediately followed by a return movement to compensate

• -reflex effect is to inhibit impulses from the motor nerve to the muscle
• -synergists, thus causing the muscle to relax
• -antagonist contracts from being facilitated
• Gradually get more ROM

• -conscious awareness of position of pody parts
• -the amount and rate of joint movement
• -how you move in your space

are the basis of voluntary movement and motor learning

• EX. writing your signature
• this perception and memory enable the performer to initiate a whole movement pattern or modify a part of it

• -when motor neurons are transmitting impulses to muscles, causing them to contract
• -motor neurons that supply their antagonists are simultanelously and reciprocally inhibited
• -agonists turned on
• antagonist turned off
• -relaxation occurs to the extent that the agonist are innervated

cerebrum-highest mental functions

frontal lobe- personality, motor movement, speech

occipital lobe-vision,recog size, shape, color

parietal lobe-touch, pressurefine sensation

temporal lobe-behavior, hearing. language,

thalamus-pain

hypothalamus-hormone function, behavior

basal ganglia-coordination of motor movement

midbrain-visual reflexes

medulla oblongata-automatic control of respiration andheart rate

cerebellum-muscle coordination, tone, posture

study of the measurement of angles created at human joints of the body

approach to assess muscle strength and function as fundamental components of movement and performance through manual resistance

used to determine the extent and degree of muscle weakness resulting from disease, injury or disuse.