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Counterpoint
the relationship between two or more voices that are independent in contour and rhythm and are harmonicallyinterdependent (polyphony)
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Fugue
- very popular
- polyphonic composition
- have certain formula
- has main theme, each voice enters after previous voice has completed their subject
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Concerto (solo, grosso, movement speed)
- can be small or large
- solo: 1 vs orchestra
- grosso: 3 vs orchestra
- speed: fast slow fast (contrasting)
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Oratorio
- large-scale work for chorus, soloist, and orchestra
- no acting, scenery, or costumes (different from opera)
- based on biblical stories
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Opera
drama sung to orchestral accompaniment
music written by composer, text by librettist
can be serious, comic, or both
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Sonata
- instrumental work
- multi-movement piece for one to eight instruments
- church sonata-church
- chamber sonata- dance-like, court
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Aria (Opera)
expresses emotion- show-off vehicle for singer
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Recitative (Opera)
speechy part, presents plot
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Cantata
- religious work
- resembled opera in its use of choruses, recitatives, arias, and duets
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Ritronella
- orchestral interlude before or after a solo
- everyone plays
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Castrato
a man with a singing voice equivalent to that of a soprano, mezzo-soprano, or contralto voice produced either by castrationof the singer before puberty or one who, because of an endocrinological condition, never reaches sexual maturity.
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Bach
KEY POINTS
- no opera
- deeply religious
- German
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Vivaldi
KEY POINTS
- Italian
- La Primavera
- VIOLIN
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Handel
KEY POINTS
- Germany-->England
- English
- Many Operas
- temper
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Every Valley Shall Be Exalted
Handel
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For Unto Us a Child is Born
Handel
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The Baroque Suite
- multi-movement work
- binary form AABB
- non-dance overture
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overture
first music heard at a show
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