terms

system of nucleotides triplets in DNA and RNA contain info for synthesizing proteins into 20 amino acids

fundemental units of heridetery consists of sequence of DNA bases that cary info. for synthesizing protein and ocupies chromosomal locus

complex molecules formed by chains of amino acids or from polypeptide function as molecules and transprt molecules antibodies enzymes and hormones

molecules formed by proteins

structure composed of RNA found on ER site of protein synthesis

structurs composed of condensed DNA and supporting proteins

molecule made of amino acids

3 nucleotides in mRNA that makes amino acids or the intintion or end of polpypeptide sequence

strand of RNA synthesized in nucleus (transcription)carries info for sequence to amino scids to make specific protein into cytoplasm where ribosome is read and recorded( translation)

RNA molecules that bind to specific amino acids and transprt them to ribosomesto be used in protein synthesis

part f cel where genetic material i8s seperated from everything else by cytoplasm

genetic makeup of someone

is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA.

messenger RNA (mRNA) produced by transcription is decoded by the ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide, that will later fold into an active protein

pheotype traits that result from combined action of more than one gene (complec traits)

diesise from only one gene

sum total of genes carried by individual

exvhange of gentic material between homologous chromosomes during first prophase of meiosis (gentic recombination)

somatic cell division in which a single cell divides to produce to identical daughtere cells

observable or measurable feature of an organsim. can be anatomical,biochemical or behavioral

having same allele of gene on both members of homologous chromosomes

having two different type of alleles on gene on pair of autosomes

the allele expressed when present on only one pair of homologous chromsomes

allele not expressed and autosomes

only in diploid org. which are two different alleles on autosomes and both are expressed

double stranded molecule that carries genetic information. Each strand has nucleotides and held together by hydrogen bonds formed by complemanety bases

cell division that occurs in testes or ovaries that leads to gametes

a fertalized egg

genes formed on same chromsomes and are linked. the closer on chromsome the greater linkage and less likely to be seperated during crossing over

alternative version of a gene. different alleles distinguished by effects on genotype expression on same gene

sex cells

genetic abnormality in which there are three copies, instead of the normal two, of a particular chromosome

• variable components of nucleotides that form DNA,RNA.
• DNA=A G T C
• RNA=U replaces thymine