Medical Terminology Ch. 5

Generic term for an agent (usually a hormone, such as testosterone and androsterone) that stimulates development of male characteristics

very small duct

puch of skin in the male that contains the testicles

formation of a complex substance by the union of simpler compounds or elements

to produce by synthesis

fat

skin

sweat

dry, scaly

horny tissue; hard; cornea

fungus (fungi)

nail

hair

hardening

• sebum, sebaceous
• ex: seb/o/rrhea: discharge of sebum. Seborrhear is an excessive secretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands

scale

foreign, strange

dry

cell

skin

treatment

without, not

above, upon

excessive, above normal

under, below

• tumor cells well differentiated.
• Close resemblance to tissue of origin, thus, retaining some specialized functions

• Tumor cells moderately differentiated.
• Less resemblance to tissue of origin, More variation in size and shape of tumor cells, increased mitoses

• Tumor cells poorly to very poorly differentiated
• Only remotely resembles tissue of origin, marked variation in shape and size of tumor cells, greatly increased mitoses

• Tumor cells very pooroly differentiated
• Little or no resemblence to tissue of origin, extreme variation in size and shape of tumor cells

localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (characteristically a staphylococcal infection)

inlammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads (comedos), inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules and cysts; usally associated with seborrhea; also called acne vulgaris

partial or complete loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease; commonly called baldness

Form of intraepidermal carcinoma (squamous cell) characterized by red-brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis; also called Bowen precancerous dermatosis

• diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
• characterized by light glossy appearance of skin, localized heat, redness, pain, swelling, and occasionally, fever, malaise, and chills.

pigmentary skin discoloration usually occuring in yellowish brown patches or spots

typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging and excretory duct of the skin

infection of the skin caused by fungi

skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow; commonly called a bruise

chronic skin inflammation characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, scabs, and possibly itching

redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries

damaged tissue following a severe burn

bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as a callus or wart)

small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle-aged or older person

unnatural paleness or absence of color on the skin

infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of brushes, combs, or headgear

minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin

skin ulceration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in bedridden patients; also known as decubitus ulcer

intensive itching

chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery, adherent scales caused by excessive developmentof the basal layer of the epidermis

any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath teh skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymoses or petechiae

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact

allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives

epidermal growth caused by a virus; AKA warts. types include plantar warts, juvenile warts, and vereal warts.

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches

any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction

skin test that identifies suspected allergens by topical application of the substance to be tested (such as food, pollen, and animal fur), usually on the forearm, and observing for a subsequent reaction

Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin

• Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination:
• removal by hollow needle, hollow punch, surgical blade, or frozen tissue for immediate examination

chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses; also called chemabrasion

removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents

rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away (abrade) the epidermis

tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; also called electrodesiccation

use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue

process of cutting thu a lesion such as an abscess and draining its contents

surgical procedure to transplant healty tissue by applying it to an injured site

transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called homograft

transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another iste in the same individual

Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern

transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usuallya pig) and transferred to a human; also called heterograft

Alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity, resulting in cell death (nystatin, itraconazole)

inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamine

topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions

decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system's inflammatory response to tissue damage

destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed

kill insect parasites, such as mites and lice

cover, cool, dry, or soothe inflamed skin

block sensation of pain by numbin the skin layers and mucous membranes

biopsy

basal cell carcinoma

cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest

decubitus (ulcer)

dermatology

frozen section

intradermal

impression (synonymous with diagnosis)

intravenous

subcutaneous (injection)

ointment

xeroderma pigmentosum