Psych.ch4-review

Knowledge that comes from evidence is more valued than intuition.

• Hypothesis: a statement about the cause of an event or about the r'ship between 2 events.
• (must be testable and refutable)

• Theory: attempts to explain how or why observations are connected.
• Theories can be used to generate new hypotheses

Stage 1) Observe the World / Ask Questions.

Stage 2) Evaluate data that supports or contradicts hypothesis (can never prove a hypothesis

Stage 3) Statistical testing

1) Generate a hypothesis.

2) Design a research plan.

3) Analyze data to test the hypothesis.

To make careful observations of one person.

Internal: confident that changes in the dependent variable truly resulted from manipulation of the independent variable.

External: Results can be generalized to the whole population.

Measure two variables and estimate their degree of relationship.

Does not prove causality.

Survey of factors affecting behavior in the population at large.

Cause & Effect

independent/dependant variables

Experimental group/Control Group

Compare people with a certain experience (a disorder, treatment, life-event, etc) to those without that experience (comparison or control group

Repeated assessment of the same individuals over time.

Behavioral genetics.

10-20k.

Yes, but in different variations.

Population: Examines the importance of both genes and environment on a trait.

Molecular: Examines which variations in genetic material are associated with phenotypes of interest.

Field of study that attempts to estimates how much genetic variability between people causes phenotypic variability in trait of interest.


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