BIO Chapter 34

is all the populations of all species that inhabit a given area.

are the few dominant species in a community.

in a species whose absence from a community would bring about significant change in that community.

• - a diversity of species in a given area.
• - a geographical distribution of species populations.
• - genetic diversity within species populations.

the physical surroundings where the organisms are found.

the role of the organism in the environment.

• - predation
• - competition
• - parasitism
• - mutualism
• - commensalism

when one organism feed on parts or all of a second organism.

when one species evolved to assume the apperance of another.

an interaction in which an individual from one species benefits while an individual from another species is harmed. (parasite vs. host)

an interaction in which an individual from one species benefits while an individual from another species is neither harmed nor helped.

close relationships between organisms. (parasitism, mutualism, commensalism)

a series of replacements of community members at a given location until a relatively stable final state is reached.

• starts from an area of little or no life and soil that lacks nutrients.
• ex: pioneer plants
• - lichen (algae and fungus)

• happens when the final state of habitat is first disturbed by some outside force, but life remains, and the soil has nutrients.
• ex: Mt. St. Helons

climax community