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Review for R1.2

  1. POO

    Post Office
    Polar AAs go on the Outside

    Hydrophilliac

    Water loving
  2. NPI
    Non Polar AAs go on the Inside

    Hydrophobic
  3. Negative Amino Acids

    AaGa

    2
    The acids

    Aspartic Acid

    Glutamic Acid
  4. Positive AAs

    HLA
    Histindine

    Lysine

    Argnine
  5. The 3 classes of neutral AAs
    Polar

    Neutral

    Non Polar
  6. Polar AAs

    SC TAG
    • Serine
    • Cysteinie
    • Theronine
    • Asparagine
    • Glutamine
  7. Neutral AAs

    PTT
    Phenalanine

    Tryosine

    Thryophan
  8. Non Polar AAs

    GAVL
    MIP
    • Glycine
    • Alanine
    • Valine
    • Lecine
    • Methionine
    • Isoleucine
    • Proline
  9. CYstenine is a ____________ AA biosynthesized from ___________________
    non essential

    Methionine
  10. Tyrosine is an ________________ biosynthesized from _________________
    Non Essential AA

    Phenalanine
  11. Essential AAs

    IL
    LV
    TT
    MP
    • Isoleucine
    • Leucine

    • Lysine
    • Valine

    • Threonine
    • Throphtan

    • Methinine
    • Phenylalanine
  12. Semi Essential AAs

    HA
    Histidine

    Arginine
  13. Non Standard AAs

    Collagen Maintenance
    Hydroxylysine

    Hydroxyproline
  14. Non Standard AAs

    Fatty Acid Transport

    LYS derivative
    Carnitine
  15. Non Standard AA

    Stored in Muscles

    Energy
    Creatine
  16. Non Standard AA

    Liver
    Bile production
    Hangover
    Test taking
    Taurine
  17. Non Standard Amino Acids

    Heart
    Plague build up
    Homocysteine
  18. Example of a commerical AA derivative
    MSG

    Monosodium Glutamate
  19. Commerical AA Derivative

    Aspartame is made from what 2 componets
    Aspartic Acid


    Phenalanline
  20. Glutamate biosynthesises
    GABA (NT)
  21. Histidine biosynthesises
    Histamine
  22. Glycine
    CNS

    Pain Sensation
  23. Tyrosine biosynthesises 2
    Thyroid Hormone

    Dopamine (via L-Dopa) --> Epi
  24. Tryptophan biosynthesises 2
    Serotonin (NT) --> Melatonin (NT)

    Niacin
  25. 6 Classes of Enzymes

    HI TO LL
    • Hydrolase
    • Isomerase
    • Transferase
    • Oxidoreductases
    • Ligase
    • Lyase
  26. What mutation of AA cx Sickle Cell Anemia
    GLU6 to Val
  27. What Mutation cx cancer
    Gly12 --> Val cx enzyme Ras to become active
  28. Hemocrit is the percent of
    blood volume occupied by RBCs
  29. Mygloblin

    stored where

    purpose
    Stored in muscles

    for Oxygen storage (Exercise)
  30. Hemoglobin

    Found where

    Purpose
    In circulating RBCs

    O2 Transport
  31. Streptase (Streptokinase)
    Dissolves blood clots

    plasminogen converted to plasmin
  32. Elspar
    Lymphoblastic Leukemia

    Starves and kills the ALL cells

    Asn to ASP
  33. Lactase
    Oral

    Lactose --> glucose and galactose
  34. Induced AKA
    Increased
  35. Protein Kinases transfer phosphate from ATP to
    Ser

    Tyr

    Thr
  36. Biotransformation rxns typically make a drug more polar

    why
    to be excreted easier
  37. When a drug becomes more polar it also becomes
    more water soluble

    therefore can be filtered out by the kidneys
  38. First pass takes place where
    in the liver
  39. Higher First Pass Effect results in
    More Metabolite
  40. Lower First Pass Effect results in
    More Drug
  41. Which rxns are Phase II rxns

    GSAG
    Glucuronidation

    Sulfation

    • Acetylation
    • Gluthathione Conjugation
  42. Which Rxns are Phase I rxns

    DHODH
    • Dealkulation (N & O)
    • Hydroxylation (Aliphatic & Aromatic)
    • Oxidation (N & S)
    • Deamination
    • Hydrolysis
  43. Phase I Rxns are considered
    funcationalization rxns
  44. Phase II rxns are considered
    conjugation rxns
  45. Can prodrugs be activated by enzymes
    YES
  46. molecular target mostly means
    MOA
  47. A1
    A2
    B1
    B2

    These are what type of receptors
    Adrenergic Receptors
  48. Bind Acetylcholine but are GPCRs
    Muscarinic Receptors
  49. Which receptors inhibits adenylate cyclase
    M2 and M4
  50. Which receptors activate Phospholipase C
    M1 M3 and M5

    Gq Protein
  51. Most serotonin receptors are what type of receptors
    GPCRs
  52. Nicotinic Receptors are
    Acetylcholine Receptors
  53. Which two receptors are activated by ACH
    Muscarinic --> GPCR

    Nicotinic --> Ion Channel
  54. What is the endogenous ligand for Nicotinic Receptors
    Acetylcholine
  55. 2 ACh binds to Alpha Subunits, conformation change occurs to
    Increase Na K premeability
  56. Ligands that "gate" the channels are
    neurotransmitters
Author
phxtopher
ID
104362
Card Set
Review for R1.2
Description
Review for R1.2
Updated

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