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Term: Spanish Conquest
The take over of Mexico by Hernando Cortes in 1519. By 1521, Cortes had conquered all of the Aztecs.
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Term: Tenochtitlan
An Aztec city conqered by Hernando Cortes. It is the site of modern-day Mexico City.
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Term: Institutional Revolutionary Party
A political group in Mexico that arose in 1929. It tried to introduce democracy and redistribute lad to the poor, but corruption undermined it. In 2000, Vicente Fox was elected president, and unseated this party.
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Term: Mestizo
A population that has a mixture of Spanish and Native American heritage.
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Term: Maquiladoras
Factories in Mexico that assemble imported materials then export them, usually to the United States.
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Term: NAFTA
The "North American Free Trade Agreement." A trade agreement that rids tariffs from products sold in the counties that have signed the agreement. It promotes easier trade among major countries, such as Mexico, Canada, and the United States.
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Term: Cultural Hearth
A place where important ideas spread. It usually a heartland or place of origin of a major culture.
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Term: United Provinces of Central America
The name that the countries that broke away from mexico took when they declared their independence. They later broke up into El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras.
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Term: Panama Canal
A canal that cuts the land bridge from North to South America. It makes trade from one side of the Americas to the other much easier, and is a major wather traffic area.
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Term: Calypso
Music that began in Trinidad. It comebines music from Africa, Spain, and the Caribbean. It is accompanied by steel drums and guitars, and have improvised lyrics.
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Term: Reggae
Developed in Jamaica in th 1960's, it deals with social problems and religion, and are fed by many roots.
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Term: Informal Economy
Side jobs that are not like normal jobs with benefits. They include jobs such as street vending, shining shoes, and other small jobs creating a small income.
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Term: Inca
A great civilization that stretched across the western edge of South America. Their capitol was Cuzco in Peru. By 1500, they stretched 2,500 miles.
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Term: Quechua
The language of the Inca that was destroyed by the Spanish culture when they came to Latin America.
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Term: Mercosur
A trade group similar to NAFTA, except in South America. They function to support the economies of their members. Their members are:
- Argentina
- Brazil
- Paraguay
- Uruguay
And Chile and Bolivia as Associate Members.
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Term: The Treaty of Tordesillas
An agreement between Portugal and Spain that devided Brazil between the two, giving portugal most of present-day brazil, and Spain most of the western half.
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Term: Carnival
A colorful feast in Brazil. In Rio de Janiero, people in costumes ride floats in parades along the street.
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Term: Samba
A Brazillian dance with African influences.
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Term: Capoeira
A martial art and dance that developed in Brazil from African origins.
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What body of water surrounded Tenochtitlan?
Lake Texcoco
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Whose election signaled the end of the one party rule?
Mexican President Vicente Fox
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Why is the Panama Canal important to world trade?
The Panama canal allows for easier trade on either side of the Americas by ship.
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Which two European countries signed the Tready of Tordesillas?
Portugal and Spain
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What countries are associate members of Mercosur?
Chile and Bolivia
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In what city is Carnival in Brazil celebrated in a particularly colorful way?
In Rio de Janiero.
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Which countries beside mexico are part of NAFTA?
The USA and Canada
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Why are Central America and the Andes Mountains around Cuzco cultural hearths?
Because they are centers of culture and attractions for people to come and spread their ideas.
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Which countries made up the United Provinces of Central America?
El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras.
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What language did the Inca speak?
Quechua
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What was the Spanish attitude toward the Aztec culture?
They disliked it, proven by the fact that they destroyed and replaced it.
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In terms of who settled there, how is the Caribbean different from Mexico and Central America?
The Caribbean has added much African to their population by the slaves brought there by European.
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Which two parts of the economy provide most of the income in Central America and the Caribbean?
The income would mostly come from natural energy and mining ore.
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Which countries are full members of Mercosur?
Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina.
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Which major countries have Literacy Rates higher than 90%?
Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay.
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What happened to the Inca language (Quechua) after the Spanish Conquest?
It was destroyed and replaced.
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What is the Ethnic makeup of Brazil?
Brazil is made up of Portugese, mostly, but also German, Italian, Spanish, Lebanese, Syrian, and a large amount of Japanese.
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What is the dark aspect of Brazil?
The darker aspect of Brazil id the vast income gap between the rich and poor, and the crime that results from it.
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What two countries colonized most territory in Latin America?
Spain and Portugal.
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What are some of the ways in which Latin America is developing economically in recent years?
There has been a massive amount of urbanization.
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How has the Amazon River been used and developed?
It has been used as hydro electric power, and as a source of water and food.
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What has restricted the movement of people from the coast to the interior in South America?
The Andes Mountains!!!
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What is the meaning of Life, the Universe, and Everything? (AKA: The "Ultimate Answer")
FOURTY-TWO!!!
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