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Explain the history of Ab. Psych. through the ages.
- 1) Early Perspectives
- 2) Greek & Roman Thought
- 3) Middle Ages
- 4) Renaissance
- 5) Reform Movement
- 6) Modern Era
EGMRRM
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What were the "early perspectives" of ab. psych?
Viewed spiritually.
Exorcism, incantation, prayer, trephinatin.
Designed to make a person uncomfy, unpleasant, and painful.
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How did the "Early Greek & Roman thoughts" perceive or change Ab. Psych?
Replaced ancient supernatural theory w/ scientific and natural theories.
Observed, known, and measured as potential causes of events.
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Who was Hippocrates and how did he contribute to "Early Greek & Roman Thought?"
Hippocrates was known as the father of medicine.
He rejected demons as causes & believed the brain was the central cause to disorders/dysfunctions.
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What did Hippocrates recommend doing in this era?
Hippocrates recommended:
- 1) Special diets
- 2) rest
- 3) Abstinence from alcohol & sex (celibacy)
- 4) Regular excersize.
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What happened in the "Middle Ages?"
The fall of the Roman Empire replaced scientific/natural theories with, again, supernatural theories.
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In the "Middle Ages" how were ppl w/ MD's treated?
They were brought to holy places, prayer, exorcism, which sparked mass madness.
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In the "Middle Ages" era, what was tarantism & lyncanthropy? Explain the reasoning.
Tarantism was the belief that after being bitten by a tarantula, the victim became its spirit.
Lyncanthropy was the belief that victim's transformed into a demonic animal; a werewolf.
Reasoning: Eating fungi on foods.
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What happened in the "Renaissance" era.
Rebirth of natural & scientific approaches to health & human behavior.
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In the "Renaissance" era, what were asylums?
Special institutions to remove ppl w/ MD's from the general population.
No trreatment provided concurrent w/ poor living conditions.
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What happened in the "Reform Movement," and who was a big contributer to this movement?
Phillippe Pinel. He introduced experimental w/ human treatment.
He unchained patients, moved them to sunny rooms, allowed excercise and urged staff to be kind.
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During the "Reform Movement," who also was a big contributer to this era from America, and how did she do this?
Dorothy Dix.
She mad the most sig. changes in changing public attitudes about these conditions in America.
She raised awareness, funds, & political support & established more than 30 hospitals.
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What happened in the "Modern Era?"
Methods such as:
- 1) Scientific
- 2) Biomedical
- 3) Psychological
theories were used to assess ppl w/ MD's.
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Who was a great contributor to the "Modern Era," and how did he achieve this?
Clifford Beers. Beers wrote a book titled "A Mind That Found Itself."
He described his own experiences w/ MD's & treatment in mental institutions.
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Explain somatogenic & psychogenic behavior.
Somatogenic, emphasizes physical and bodily causes of behavior.
Psychogenic, emphasizes mind-related causes of behavior.
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Define the two (2) stigmas and there meanings.
public: The general disgrace the public confers on ppl w/ MD's that can result in prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination.
self: Refers to disgrace
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What are dimensional perspectives?
Involves the notion that ppl differ only in their degree of symptoms.
Emotions, thoughts, and behaviors associated w/ Ab. Psych. & mental disorder are present, to some degree, in all of us.
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