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this describes the:
bounded by the nuclear envelope a double layer membrane barrier separated by a fluid filled space.
outer membrane is continuous with the rough ER
Control center with DNA
Nucleus
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at various points the two layers of the nuclear envelope interconnected to form the edges of the ---
nuclear pores
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forms aqueous transport channel and regulating entry and exit of mRNA and large particles in and out of the nucleus
selectively permeable membrane
nuclear pores
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this is where the 80S ribosomes are
nucleolus
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site of ribosome production
nucleolus
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to slow of production of these you die, to fast and you can get cancer
somatic cells
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sex cells, sperm cells, egg cells, gametes are a result of
gamete production
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when a cell is preparing to divide, chromatin threads coil and condense enormously to form short barlike bodies called
chromosomes
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DNA is in a string called
chromatid
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ball of protein keeping two strands of chromatid together
centromere
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chromosomes are similiar not identitical and has the same genes on it
homologous chromosomes
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different varieties of a gene
alleles
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same gene different alleles
heterozygous
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same gene same alleles
homozygous
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the number of each KIND of chromosome
ploidy
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two of the same kind chromosomes
diploid
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one chromosome
haploid/ monoploid
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really bad in chromosomes
triploid
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if an armadillo has 22 different kinds of chormosomes what would the haploid number of chromosomes in their cells be
22
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if an armadillo has 22 different kinds of chromomes what would the diploid number of the chromosmes in their cells be
44
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between the exciting stages, the period from cell formation to cell division, bulk of the cells life. extremely important for a cell to divide.
interphase
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the cell is metabolically active, synthesizing proteins, rapidly and growing vigorously making more golgi, mitochondria, and ribosomes
G1, doubling of organelles
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two chromatids because the string of DNA copies itself, every chromosomes have two chromatids, single strand goes to two, its counted as one chromosome
S- DNA synthesis
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last push to become two cells
G2 prtoeins synthesis
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mistakes made during the S phage of the cell cycle for somatic cells would have the ability to influence
you
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nuclear division resulting in two nuclei that are identicle in chromosome number to the original, only talking about what happens to the nucleus
mitosis
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division of the cytoplasm. beings during late anaphase and completed after mitosis ends. the plasma membrane over the center of the cell is drawn inward to form a cleave furrow by the activity of a contractile ring made of actin, the furrow deepens until the cytoplasmic mass is pinched into two parts and that is the end of --- there are now to daughter cells
cytokinesis
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chromatin condense forming barlike chromosomes are apart of what phase
prophase
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duplicated chromosomes appears as two identicle thread, now called sister chromatids, held together at a small constricted region called a centromere is apart of what phase
prophase
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as the chromosomes appear the nucleoli disappear and the two centrosomes separate from one another is apart of what phase
prophase
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o
The centrosomes act as focal points for growth
of a microtubule assembly called the mitotic spindle. As these microtubules
lengthen they propel the centrosomes toward opposite ends of the cell
is apart of what phase
prophase
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microtubules arrays called asters are seen extending from the matrix around the centrosomes, while the centrosomes are still moving apart the nuclear envelope fragments, allowing the spindle to interact with the chromosomes
prophase
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some of the growing spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochore special protein structures at each chromosomes centromere, the remaining spindle microtubules are calle dpolar microtubules. the microtubules slid past eachother foring the pole apart are apart of what phase
prophase
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the kinetochore microtubules pull on each chromosome from both poles in a kind of tug of war that ultimately draw the chromosomes to the exact center or equator of the cells is apart of what phase
prophase
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