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Fatalities from abuse
1,740
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Definitional issues
Child maltreatment vs. child abuse
anything that can be harmful to child
physical or sexual
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Mandated Reporters in South Carolina
- Healthcare professionals
- mental health professionals social workers
- educational/childcare profesinals
- law enforcement/DSS (24/7)
- mortician
- judges
- film processors/computer tech.
- clergy
- (everyone else is a permissive reporter)
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Mandatory Reporting Laws
1962-Dr. Henry Kempe -Battered child syndrome- said that drs should be able to pick out these things. "spiral fracture"
1967-reporting laws in all states but only applied to physicians
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Required levelof suspician for mandated reporting
if they SUSPECT it, then youhave to report it. you dont have to know for a fact that it is happening. "reason to believe"
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What constitues "reason to believe?"
- legal statutes are of limited help
- reasonable professional standard (teavher cant look at fracture and say its spiral. they dont have the expertise)
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Reporting guidelines
- training in recognizing the signs
- knowledge of state laws
- inform parents of report before filing
- pros should operate within limits of their roles
- when transfering case, keep up/verify that they reported it
- keep thurough/detailed records
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Study 1987 - 40% of mandated reporters suspected abuse but didnt report...
- did own investigation; decided against it
- bad for me; selfish reasons
- bad for family; dont trust system
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Failure to report;
professiona, civil, and legal liability
- loss of licenses/credentials
- malpractice
- $500 fine/6 moths in jail
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Immunity from liability doesnt mea;
immune from maltreatment for mandated reporters. (ex. teacher in bioiling springs, partying with the kids)
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immunity from liability does mean;
if m.r. oes make a report, then they are immune from legal liability
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False reporting;
$5,000 fine and or 90 days in jail
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How to report
Provide as much info as possible
- has to be specific allegation
- have to be able to lovate child(name address...)
- Provide your name and contact info.
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DSS vs. law enforcement
- DSS deals with legal guargian/parents
- Pigs deal with people outside family; teacher who abused student
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In loco parentis
caregiver, parent, guardian, live-in boyfriend/girlfriend
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Research Issues
Identified vs. undetected maltreatment
- identified=more severe cases
- undetected= more sexually, verbal abuse
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Attributional Bias
way of thinking everything bad that the child does, i attribute that to the "evilness" of the child
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Limited Cognitive flexibility and/or limited problem solving skills;
only thinking of one way to punish/help
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Intentionality of the violence:
- accidentally pushed/hi, maybe while trying to protect a parent.
- Accidentally hurting kid while "horse playing"
- Fetal abuse
- -(connor's law)
- Accidental/collateral injury
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Evolution from domestic violence to child abuse:
- Domestic violence usually comes first
- Exposure to Domestic violence is greater among younger kids
- Abused women are 2 times more likely, than non abused women, to abuse children
- Male batterers are 2X more likely than battered women to abuse kids
- Severity of abuse to women is directly linked to the severity of the abuse to children
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Temporal connection between d.v. and alcohol abuse
cant say for sure that alcohol abuse CAUSES domestic violence, but they are both present. They co-occur together.
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Effects of exposure to domestic violence
- Aggressive behavior/anti-sociality
- Low self-esteem
- Learning problems/acedemic problems
- Inter personal problems (friendships/relationships)
- PTSD
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