-
non productive cough
most common pneumonia in children and common in adults
- Viral pneumonia
- (influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, RSV)
treatment - self limited, osaltamavir, tamvir
-
high fevers, pleuritic chest pain, productive cough
most common pneumonia in adults, higher risk in sickle cell patients
Streptoccus pneumoniae
treatment - beta lactams, macrolides
-
slower onsent of symptoms
patients with CPD, higher risk of infection in patients with sicle cell disease
Haemophilus influenzae
treat with beta-lactams, TMP-SMX
-
absscess formatin, history of recent flu symptoms
nosocomial pneumonia, immunocompromised patients
Staphylococcus aureus
treatment - beta lactams, remember to cover MRSA
-
Currant-jelly sputum
Alcoholics, patients with high risk of aspiration, patients staying in the hospital ofr extended amounts of time, sickle cell patients
Klensieall pnumoniae
Treatment - cephalosporins and aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin)
-
Less severe symptoms (walking pneumonia), possible rash, positive cold-agglutinin test
Young adults
Mycoplasma pneumniae (atypical)
treat with macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin)
-
Rapid onset
Chronically ill and immunocompromised patients, patients with cystic fibrosis, noscomial pneumonia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
treatment - fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin), aminglycosides, 3rd generation cephalosporins
-
Slow onsenct of classic symptoms, nausea, diarrhea, confusion or ataxia
Assoicated with aerosolized water
Legionell pneumophilia (atypical)
treat with macrolides, fluorquinolones
-
Slow onsent of classic symptoms; frequent sinusitis
Common in the very young and elderly
Chlamydia pneumoniae (atypical)
treat with doxycycline, macrolides
-
Respiratory distress leathargy in neonates and infants
Group B streptococcus
- Treat with beta lactams
- Ampicillin and Gentamicin
-
Classical symptoms
Nosocomial pneumonia, elderly patients
Ennterobacter sp.
Treat with TMP-SMX
-
Less severe symptoms, subacute disease for initail history
Travelers to Southwest US
Caves
Central America
- Southwest US - coccidioidomycosis
- Caves - histoplasmosis
- Central America - blastomycosis
Treatment - amphotericin B for severe infections, ketoconazole
-
Slow onset of classic symptoms, GI symptoms
Immunocompromised patient (HIV, CD4 count < 200)
Pneumocystis jiroveci (old name Pneumocystis carinii or PCP)
treatment TMP-SMX
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