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What is the deffintion of climate
weather conditions of a place averaged over a long period of time
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Definition of weather
Combination of temperature, precipitation, cloud cover and winds experienced daily
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Whats the difference?
- Weather: Short term
- Climate: Long term
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What are the factors that effect climate
- Lattitude, Ocean Currents, Winds and air masses, Elevation, Relief, Nearness to water
- LOWERN
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Describe lattitude
- The closer to equator=warmer
- Closer to poles= less precipitation, since cooler air holds less moisture, cold
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Ocean Currents
- Oceans bring warm water to cool areas or cool water to warm areas.
- Warm water gives more moisture , therefore effects the amount of precipitation the nearby land recieves
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Wind and air masses
- Warm winds influence land in warm way, cool wind= cool way
- In canada generally Winds travel west to east (westerlies)
- amount pecipitation varies on montain sideDepends on direction winds are moving amount of moisture they carry
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Elevation
- Higher=cooler temp+more precipitation your likely to get
- because air cools, expands and goes through condensation
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Relief
Mountains block wind and air masses causing temperature to be different of either side. Snow will melt on side that recieves direct sun rays
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Nearness to water
- If the water is warm influences land in warm way
- Water is cool=cool way
- Precipitation is higher near the oceans
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Precipitation can fall in the form of
rain snow or hail
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Three main causes of precipiton
- relief/ orographic
- convectional
- frontal
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Convectional Precipitation
Only occurs on hot summer days when ground is hot, as the air rises it cools and condensation occurs. Rain or hail may fall
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what is the area that gets this
Praires, during the summer
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Frontal
- When a warm moist air mass is forced to rise by a cool dry air mass, precipitation occurs
- (Think of it as two people fighting but in this case warm and cool air. They fight until they pass eachother. could go on and off all day)
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what place gets this
Central and eastern canada
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Orographic/relief
- Precipitation created when an air mass rises to cross a mountain barrier
- Canada's west coast
(Left sides get most because of pacific ocean
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Which area gets this
The western mountains
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For climate graphs temp is always____ graph and _____
- line graph, red
- NEVER PUT DOT ON LINE
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For pecipitaion its always a____ graph and _____
Bar, blue
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Growing season is when temp is above__ degrees celcios and its____
6 , green
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When you travel north temperatures become
colder(arctic)
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Places on the coast are normally____ than places on the______
_____ have a strong impact on precipatation, and ________
milder, interior, ocean, temperture
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What are the climate regions?
Arctic, Pacific Maritime, Cordilleran, Atlantic Maritime, Southeastern, Prairie, Boreal, Taiga
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What are the different climate types
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Describe maritime climates and which climate regions they effect+rain and temp
A climate type that is strongly influenced by closeness to large body of water, large lake or ocean that is not covered in ice
- West Coast, east coast,Southeastern
- 10-30 degrees (small range)
- 1000-2500(moderate to high)
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Describe Continental climate, and amount of rain and temp
- Climate type that develops away from the influence of the ocean
- 25-50 degrees (large range)
- 200-1000 mm(low to moderate)
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Cold winter, warm summer, moderate precipitation
Atlantic Maritime
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Temperatures and Precipitation vary greatly
Cordilleran
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very cold winter, short cold summer, very dry
Arctic
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Cold winter, hot summer, dry
Prairie
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Cold winter, cool summer, moderate precipitation
taiga and boreal
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Mild winter, warm summer, heavy precipitation
Pacific maritime
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cool winter, hot summer, moderate precipitation
Southeastern
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