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vitamins
needed for growth and health
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what is the only vitamin your body makes
d
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what is vit b good for
co enzymes for metabolic process
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vit A function
precursor of retinol for normal vision
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function of vitaminD
regulates calcium metabolism
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function of vitamin K
needed to produce prothrombin- vit K for clotting
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what is important to tell patients about water soluble vitamins
your body cant store these it excretes it in the urine, so don't take to much. The fat soluble vitamins ADEK are absorbed so dont take to much you can actually become toxic
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people with certain conditions require specific things
example, preg woment- folic acid
renal pts- iron
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s/s of iron deficiency (some)
- SOB
- fatigue
- red split tongue
- pale mucus membranes
- poor wound healing
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ways to obtain vitamin D
- D2- dairy
- D3- ultraviolet light
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vitamin C deficieny
scurvy
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nician or B3 deficiency
pellegra
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b12 deficiency
megablastic or pernicious anemia
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role the nurse
- monitor client condition
- patient education
- assess lifestyle and dietary habits
- health history
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fat soluble vitamin assessment
- impaired liver function
- deficiency
- toxicity
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caution in pts. with kidney stones and vitamin C, tell them to increase fluids
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if calcium is prescribe use caution in
- glucocortiocoids
- thiazide diuretics
- tetracyclines
- avoid zinc rich foods, because they impair calcium absorption
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if phosphorus is prescribed
- inform PCP if on sodium or potassium restricted diet
- report seizure activity and stop drug
- avoid antiacids
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if magnesium sulfate is prescribed
- changes in LOC
- deep tendon reflex
- thirst
- confusion
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s/s iron anaphylaxis
- angioedema
- hives
- throat tightness
- tachy
- adverse po effects are N/V, constipation, diarrhea, abd pain, dark stools, leg cramps
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Iv magnesium
- given over 3-4 hours
- toxic
- flushing
- sedation
- confusion
- increased thirst
- muscle weakness
- neuromuscular blockade
- resp paralysis
- heart block
- circulatory collapse
- antidote is calcium gluconate
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TPN
- short term through a peripheral vein
- long term through a central vein
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folic acid assessment
- health history
- physical exam
- (special attention paid to anemic states)
- Labs, folic acid levels, H/H, reticulocyte count, CBC to determine type of anemia
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TPN assessment
- health history
- physical exam
- assess for nutritional deficiency
- labs- protein/albumin, creattinine , BUN, CBC, electrolytes, lipid profile, iron levels
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interventions for TPN
- vital signs observe for signs of infection
- take precautions to prevent infection
- blood sugar
- signs of fluid overload
- renal status
- accurate infusion rate of pump
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