the trough or trench that forms when a strip of the earth's crust sinks between two parallel faults
endemic
a species or disease that is high localized in it spatial extent
epidemic
a local or regional outbreak of a disease
colonialism
rule by an autonomous power over a subordinate and alien people and place. although often established and maintained through political structures, colonialism also creates unequal cultural and economic relations.
exclave
a bounded piece of territory that is part of a particular state but lies separated from it by the territory of another state. Alaska is an exclave of the United States.
apartheid
a system that produced highly segregated socio-geographical patterns. (apartness)
caste system
strict social stratification and segregation of people on the basic of ancestru and occupation.
social stratification
in a layered or stratified society, the population is divided into a hierarchy of social classes.
irredentism
a policy of cultural extension and potential political expansion by a state aimed at a community of its nationals living in a neighboring state.
insurgent state
territorial embodiment of a successful guerrilla movement. the establishment by antigovernment insugents of a territorial base in which they exercise full control; thus a state within a state.