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Greater Sac
long, thin area, from diaphragm to pelvis
[peritoneal cavity]
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Lesser Sac
peritoneal cavity located behind the stomach
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Superior boundary of the lesser Sac
the diaphragm
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Inferior Boundary of the lesser Sac
transverse colon and transverse mesocolon
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left (lateral) boundary to the lesser sac
gastrolineal ligament, lineorenel ligament, and spleen
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Right (medial) Border of the lesser sac
epiploic foramen (of Winslow)
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Epiploic foramen of Winslow:
real opening to the lesser sac
[the right-medial border of the lesser sac]
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anterior boundary of epiploic foramen of Winslow
hepatoduodenal ligament (part of lesser omentum), contains: hepatic artery, common bile duct, and portal vein
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Posterior Boundary of Epiploic foramen of Winslow
Inferior Vena Cava
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Superior Border of the Epiploic Foramen of Winslow
caudate lobe of the liver
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Inferior Border of Epiploic foramen of Winslow
- First part of the Duodenum
- & mesocolon
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Mesenteries:
two layered fold of visceral peritoneum that connects mobile viscera/ organs to the posterior abdominal wall
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Two Origin Locations for Mesenteries
1) intraperitoneal
2) Retroperitoneal
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Intraperitoneal:
Organs suspended by mesentery into cavity
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Retroperitoneal:
organs lacking a mesentery and fused to body wall
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Examples of Mesenteries:
Transverse Mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon
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Omentum:
two layered fold of visceral peritoneum that attaches stomach to another organ
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Two forms of Omentums:
1) Greater Omentum
2) Lesser Omentum
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Greater Omentum:
connects the greater curvature of the stomach with anterior body wall
*hangs down in cavity like an apron over viscera
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What is the greater omentum composed of?
1) gastrocolic ligament
2) gastrolineal ligament
3) lienorenal ligament
4) omental apron
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Lesser Omentum:
connects the lesser curvature of the stomach with the liver
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what is the lesser omentum composed of?
1) falciform ligament
- 2) superior hepatic ligaments
- (coronary and triangular ligaments)
3) hepatoduodenal ligaments
4) hepatogastric ligament
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Periotoneal Ligaments
two layered fold of visceral peritoneum that attach the lesser mobile viscera to abdominal walls
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Examples of Peritoneal Ligaments
1) falciform ligament
2) hepatogastric ligament
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Falciform ligament
attaches liver and the anterior abdominal wall
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hepatogastric ligament
Between the liver and the lesser curvature of the stomach
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Two layers of Peritoneum in the Abdomen
1) visceral peritoneum
2) parietal peritoneum
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Superior Boundary for the Abdominal Wall
Diaphragm
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Inferior Boundary of the Abdominal Wall
continuous with the pelvic cavity
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Anterior Boundary of the abdominal wall
lower part of thoracic cage; and abdominal muscles
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Posterior Boundary of Abdominal Wall
L1-L5; 12th Rib, pelivs and muscles
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Lateral Boundary of the Abdominal Wall
Thoracic Wall and Abdominal Muscles
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Umbilicus
Belly Button, located @ T10 Dermatome, is located in the midsaggital plane
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McBurney's Point
go to anterior superior iliac spine, move 1/3 laterally
*marking of the appendix [on the R side]
* could also be the place of an inguinal hernia or an ovarian sist
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Branches of the Lumbar Plexus
1) iliohypogastric Nerves
2) ilioinguinal nerves
3) lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
4) femoral nerve
5) obturator nerve
6) genitofemoral nerve
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iliohypogastric nerve
(where does it originate and what does it supply)
where: L1
supplies: skin of lower anterior abdominal wall
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ilioinguinal nerve
(where does it originate and what does it supply)
where: L1
supplies: skin of the groin/ and scrotum/ labia majora
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lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
(where does it originate and what does it supply)
where: L2, L3
supply: skin over the lateral surface of the thigh
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femoral nerve
(where does it originate and what does it supply)
where: L2 - L4
supply: iliacus muscle, and structures of the thigh/ calf
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obturator nerve:
(where does it originate and what does it supply)
where: L2 - L4
supplies: structures in the parietal peritoneum on lateral wall of pelvis plus structures in the thigh
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Genitofemoral Nerves:
(where does it originate and what does it supply)
where: L1, L2
supply: divides into genital branch
and divides into femoral branch
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Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerves supplies what?
supplies cremaster muscle
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Femoral Branch of the Genitofemoral nerves supply what?
supplies small area of skin of thigh
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where is the lumbar plexus formed in? and from?
formed in the psoas muscle from the ventral rami of L1 - L4
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The superficial nerve supply for the posterior abdominal wall is also referred to as:
dorsal rami of lumbar spinal nerves
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