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Description:
- Essential element in many biochemical processes. Notably acts as normal physiologic calcium
- channel blocker, and blocks neuromuscular transmission
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Actions:
- 1. CNS depressant
- 2. Decreases acetylcholine released from motor nerve synapses
- 3. Depresses functions of smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle
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Indications:
- 1. Torsades de pointes (Polymorphic V-tach)
- 2. Eclamptic seizures
- 3. Refractory pulseless V-fib, V-tach
- 4. Cardiac arrest with suspected hypomagnesemia
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Contraindications:
- 1. Hypocalcemia
- 2. Shock
- 3. AV block
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Side Effects:
- 1. Sedation, confusion
- 2. Depressed reflexes, muscle weakness (significant for toxicity)
- 3. Dysrhythmias, hypotension, shock
- 4. Resp. paralysis
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Administration:
- IV
- Dysrhythmias in arrest(over 1-2 min)
- Adult: 1-2 g in 10 mL
- Peds: 25-50 mg/kg
- Perfusing Dysrhythmias(over5-60min)
- Adult: 1-2g in 50-100mL
- Ped:25-50 mg/kg
- Seizures:
- Adult: 2-4 g slow
- Peds: not used
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