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Description:
Atropine is derived from the Atropa belladonna plant. Selectively blocks responses to acetylcholine (ACh), and blocks vagal impulses to the heart.
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Actions:
- 1. Competes with acetylcholine for receptor sites blocking the PNS response at SA & AV nodes.
- 2. Increases rate of SA node discharge
- 3. Enhances conduction through the AV node
- 4. Increases heart rate by increasing electrical conduction through the heart.
- 5. Increases cardiac output
- 6. Systemically counteracts effects of parasympathetic stimulation. Inhibits secretions by decreasing PNS effect on bronchial, salivary, sweat and GI glands.
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Indications:
- 1. Hemodynamically significant bradycardia
- 2. Asystole
- 3. Organophosphate poisoning
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Contraindications:
No contraindications in the emergency setting
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Side Effects:
- 1. Tachycardia
- 2. Blurred vision, dilated pupils
- 3. Dry mouth
- 4. Confusion, drowsiness
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Administration
- Asystole, or PEA
- Adult max 0.03 mg/k
- 1 mg IV/IO, 2 mg ET q 3-5 min
- Peds max 0.03mg/k
- Hemodynamically unstable bradycardia
- Adult: 0.5-1 mg, 2 mg ET q 3-5 min
- Ped: 0.02 mg/kg IV
- Organophosphate poisonings(No Max)
- Adult: 2-5 mg IV/IM
- q 10- 15min
- Peds: IV 0.05 mg/kg IV/IM
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