Cardio System II

any of several kinds of irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

slow heart rate (<60 beats/min)

chaotic, irregular contractions of the heart, as in atrial or ventricular fibrillation

extremely rapid but regular contractions of the heart, as in atrial or ventricular flutter (typically from 250 to 350 beats/min)

an interference with the normal electrical conduction of the heart defined by the location of the block. (AV block)

a ventricular contraction preceding the normal impulse initiated by the SA node (pacemaker)

fast heart rate (>100 beats/min)

a bacterial inflammation that affects the endocardium or the heart valves.

compression of the heart produced by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac as results from pericarditis or trauma, causing rupture of a blood vessel within the heart (tampon=a plug)

a general term for disease of the heart muscle

failure of the left ventricle to pump an adequate amount of blood to meet the demands of the body, resulting in a "bottleneck" of congestion in the lungs that may extend to the veins, causing edema in lower portions of the body

a condition affecting arteries of the heart that reduces the flow of blood and delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium-most often caused by atherosclerosis

heart attack; death of myocardial tissue (infarction) owing to loss of blood flow (ischemia) as a result of an occlusoin (plugging) of a coronary artery-usually caused by atherosclerosis; symptoms include pain in the chest or upper body (shoulders, neck and jaw) shortness of breath, diaphoresis, and nausea.

formationo of a clot in a deep vein in the body, occuring most often in the femoral and iliac veins

a physical examination method of listening to sounds within the body with the aid of a stethoscope.

noise; an abnormal heart sound caused by turbulence within

an electrical picture of the heart represented by positive and negative deflections on a graph labeled with the letters P,Q,R S, and T, corresponding to events of the cardiac cycle.

introduction of a flexible, narrow tube or catheter through a vein or artery into the heart to withdraw samples of blood, measure pressures within the heart chambers or vessels, and inject contrast media for fluoroscopic radiography and cine film imagind of the chambers of the hear and coronary arteries.

measurement of the amount of blood ejected from a ventricle in one contraction

measurement of the amount of blood ejected from either ventricle of the heart per minute

measurement of the volume percentage of left ventricular contents ejected with each contraction

grafting of a portion of a blood vessel retrieved form another part of the body to bypass an occluded coronary artery, restoring circulation to mycardial tissue.

termination of ventricular fibrillation by delivery of an electrical stimulus to the heart.

termination of tachycardia either by pharmaceutical means or by delivery of electrical energy

a device used to treat slow heart rates by electrically stimulating the heart to contract

a druge that suppresses the conversion of angiotensin in the blood by the angiotensin-converting enzyme

a druge that dilates coronary arteries, restoring oxygen to the tissues to relieve the pain of angina pectoris

a drug that counteracts cardiac arrhythmia

a drug that prevents clotting of the blood commonly used in treating thrombophlebitis and myocardial infarction

a drug that lowers hypertension

agents that inhibit responses to sympathetic adrenergic nerve activity causing a slowing of electrical conduction and heart rate and a lowering of the pressue within the walla of the vessels

agents that inhibit the entry of calcium ions in heart muscle cells causing a slowing of the heart rate, lessening the demand for oxygen and nutrients, and relaxing of the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels to cause dilation

a druge that increases the secretion of urine

agents that lower cholesterol in the blood by inhibiting the effect of HMG-CoA reductase

druges used to dissolve thombi

a drug that causes narrowing of the blood vessels, decreasing blood flow

a drug that causes dilation of the blood vessels, increasing blood flow