Chapter 1 AP

The scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure.

Examines the structural features of cells

Examines tissues, which are composed of cells and the materials surrounding them.

The scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things.

Studies the structural changes that occur between conception and adulthood.

A subspecialty of developmental anatomy considers changes from conception to the end of the eighth week of development.

The study if structures that can be examined without the aid of a microscope, can be approached from either a systemic or a regional perspective.

The study of the external form of the body and its relation to deeper structures.

Uses radiographs (x-rays), ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other technologies to create pictures if internal structures.

Physical characteristics that differ from the normal pattern.

Examines the processes occurring in cells.

considers the functions of organ systems

focuses on the nervous system

deals with the heart and blood vessels

The medical science dealing with all aspects of disease with an emphasis on the casus and development of abnormal conditions.

Focuses on the changes in function and structure caused by exercise.

• Chemical
• cell
• tissue
• organ
• organ system
• whole organism

Atoms combine to form molecules

Molecules form organelles such as the nucleus and mitochondria, which make up cells.

Similar cells and surrounding materials make up tissues

Different tissues combine to form organs, such as the urinary bladder.

Organs such as the urinary bladder and kidneys make up an organ system

Organ systems make up an organism

Basic structural and functional units of plants and animals

Small structures that make up cells

Composed of a group of similar cells and surrounding them

Composed of two or more tissue types that perform one or more common functions

Group of organs that together perform a common function or set of function and are therefore viewed as a unit

Any living thing considered as a whole, whether composed of one cell such as a bacterium, or of trillions of cells such as a human

Specific interrelationships among the parts of an organism and how those parts interact to perform specific functions

Refers to all of the chemical reactions chemical reactions taking place n an organism

Organism's ability to sense changes in its external or internal environment and adjust to those changes

An increase in the size or number of cells, which produces an overall enlargement of all or part of an organism

The changes an organism undergoes through time

change in cell structure and function from generalized to specialized

change in the shape of tissues, organs, and the entire organism

The formation of new cells or new organisms

Provides protection, regulates temperature, prevents water loss, and helps produce vitamin D. Consists of skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands.

Provides protection and support, allows body movements, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and fat. Consists of bones associated cartilages, ligaments, and joints.

Produces body movements, maintains posture and produces body heat. Consists of muscles attached to the skeleton by tendons.

Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease maintains tissue fluid balances and absorbs fats from the digestive tract. Consists of the lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphatic organs.

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air and regulates blood pH. Consists of the lungs and respiratory passages.

Performs the mechanical and chemical processes digestion, absorption of nutrients and elimination of wastes. Consists if the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and accessory organs.

A major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements, physiological processess, and intellectual functions. Consists of the brain spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors.

A major system that influences metabolism growth, reproduction, and many other functions. consists of glands such as the pituitary, that secrete hormones.

Transport nutrients, waste products, gases and hormones throughout the body, plays a role in the immune response and the regulation of body temperature. Consists heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Removes waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance and water balance. Consists of the kidneys urinary, bladder, and ducts that carry urine.

Produces oocytes and is the site of fertilization and detal development; produces milk for the new born produces hormones that influence sexual function and behaviors. Consists of ovaries, vagina, uterus, mammary glands.

Produces and transfers sperm cells to the female and produces hormones that influence sexual functions and behaviors. Consist of testes, accessory structures, ducts, penis.

The existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body.

Any deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted.

Monitors the value of a variable