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Major Bacterial Genera S3M1
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Staphylococci aureus
Normal flora (skin)
Salt tolerant
Beta hemolytic
Causes many infections
What are two tests one could use to detect Staphylococci aureus
Coagulase (+)
Catalase (+)
What test would be done first to determine if a Gram (+) cocci was Strepococci or Staphylococci
Catalase, (-) = Streptococci, (+) = Staphylococci
What are the two mosst important alpha hemolytic Streptococci
Streptococci pneumonia
Viridans Strep
What are the two most important beta hemolytic Streptococci
S. pyogens (strep throat/impetigo)
S. agalactiae
Group D Streptococci are best identified by using what agar
Esculin agar
Bacillus sp.
Gram (+) rod
Aerobic
Anthrax causing
Clostridium sp.
Gram (+) rod
Spore forming
Anaerobic
Botulism
What are the 3 most important Aerobic non-spore forming gram (+) rod shaped bacteria
Corynebacterium
Listeria
Nocardia
What are the two spore forming gram (+) rod shaped bacteria
Bacillus
Clostridium
What are the most important anaerobic non spore forming gram (+) rod shaped bacteria
Lactobacillus
Actinomyoces
What is the bacteria often found in yogurt
Lactobacillus
Actinomyces
Gram (+)
Rod shape
Non spore forming
Anaerobic
Part of normal flora but can cause infection
Corynebacterium
Gram (+)
Rod shaped
Aerobic
Normal flora
Can be club shaped or look like Chinese letters
What agar is used to grow Corynebacterium
Tellurite
Listeria
Gram (+)
Rod shape
Aerobic
Will grow in as low as 4 C˚
Facultative organism
Tumbling motility
Nocardia
Gram (+)
Rod shaped
Aerobic
Acid fast
Opportunistic
What are the major gram (-) cocci
Neisseria
Acinetobacter
Moraxella
Neisseria
Gram (-) cocci
Oxidase (+)
Ferments glucose
Best grown in chocolate agar
What two important diseases come from Neisseria
Gonorrhea
Meningitis
Acinetobacter
Gram (-) cocci (classically gram (+) rod)
Causes nosocomial infections
Moraxella
Gram (-) cocci (classically Gram (+) rod)
Upper respiratory flora
Causes Otitis media
How can one determine if a condition is Meningitis or Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea ferments glucose
Meningitis ferments glucose and maltose
What are the two main classes of Gram (-) rods
Enterobacteriacea
Non-Enterobacteriacea
What are the four important lactose fermenting gram (-) rods
Serratia
Enterobacter
Escherichia
Klebsiella
Enterobacteriaceae have what characteristics
Gram (-) rods
Ferment glucose
Oxidase (-)
Normal flora of intestines
What agar would you use for Enterobacteriaceae growth
McConkey (good for both lactose fermenting [pink] and non lactose fermenting [clear])
Proteus
Gram (-) rod
Non-lactose fermenting
Hydrogen Sulfide producing
Swarming motility
Urease (+)
Common cause of UTI
Salmonella
Motile
Gram (-) rod
Non-lactose fermenting
Hydrogen Sulfide producing
Salmonella is grown well in what agar
Hektoen enteric agar
Appears black
Shigella
Gram (-) rod
Non-Hydrogen sulfide producing
Non-lactose fermenting
Non-motile
Low infectious dose
Dysentery
Yersinia
Gram (-) rod
Non lactose fermenting
Non-Hydrogen sulfide producing
Safety pin appearance
Animals and rodents are important vectors
Causes Plague
Campylobacter
Gram (-) rod
Non-Enterobacteriaceae
"Gull wing" appearance
Oxidase (+)
Microaerophilic
Incubate at 42 C˚
Vibrio
Gram (-) rod
Non-Enterobacteriaceae
Comma shaped
Oxidase (+)
Helicobacter
Gram (-) rod
Non-Enterobacteriaceae
Urease (+)
Microaerophilic
Spiral shape
Pseudomonas
Gram (-) rod
Non-Enterobacteriaceae
A successful opportunist
Oxidase (+)
What agar does Pseudomonas grow best in
Cetramide agar
What are the major Gram (-) rods of the respiratory tract
Haemophilus
Bordetella
Legionella
Haemophilus
Gram (-) rod
Respiratory tract
Fastidious
Requires factor X and V
What agar does Haemophilus grow best in
Chocolate agar
Bordetella
Gram (-) rod
Respiratory tract
Fastidious
Requires special media to grow
Legionella
Gram (-) rod
Respiratory tract
Fastidious
Grows best in BYCE agar
What are the Gram (-) rod Zoonses
Pasterella
Brucella
Francisella
Bartonella
Pasturella is often transferred to humans via
Dog/Cat bite
Francisella requires what to grow
Cystiene
What are the coccobaccillary bacteria mentioned so far
Pasturella
Francisella
Moraxella
Acinetobacter
What bacteria are pleomorphic
Brucella
Bartonella
Mycoplasma
Haemophilus
What are the classes that stain poorly
Spirochetes
Obligate intracellular
Mycobacteria
Mycoplasma
What are the primary characteristics of Spirochetes
Helical shape
Endoflagella
Stain poorly but have gram (-) cell wall
Treponema
Spirochete
Has never been cultured
Causes Syphilis and others
Poor ability to stain
Borrelia
Spirochete
Stains poorly
Anthropod borne
Lyme disease
(Anthropods borr into the skin)
Chlamydia
Obligate (live in eukaryotes)
Cannot make their own ATP
Stain poorly
Rickettsia
Obligate intracellular
Arthropod borne
What bacteria infect Leukocytes
Ehrlichia
Anaplasma (Arthropod borne)
Coxiella
Obligate intracellular
Stains poorly
Zoonoses
What are the arthropod borne organisms
Borrelia
Rickettsia
Anaplasma
Mycobacteria
Small rods that stain poorly
Cell wall contains mycolic acid
Acid fast stain
Resistant to drying, chemicals, germicides
Tuberculosis
Mycoplasma
Stains poorly
Lacks cell wall
Pleomorphic
Sensitive to environmental conditions
Require sterols for growth
Found in mucous membranes
What are the acid fast bacteria discussed so far
Mycobacteria
Nocardia
Staphylococci appear how in a microscope
Grape like clusters
Streptococci appear how in a microscope
Pairs or chains
Enterococci appear how in a microscope
Pairs or chains
What bacteria test (+) for Urease
Proteus
Helicobacter
What bacteria test (+) for Oxidase
Neisseria
Campylobacter
Vibrio
Pseudomonas
Author
lancesadams
ID
101741
Card Set
Major Bacterial Genera S3M1
Description
Micro
Updated
2011-09-17T17:56:49Z
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