-
The smallest unit of life, consisting at a minimum of an outer membrane that encloses a watery medium that contains organic molecules and DNA.
cell
-
What are the 3 principles that comprise the cell theory?
- 1. Every living thing is made up of one or more cells.
- 2. The smallest living organisms are single cells, and cells are the functional units of multicellular organisms.
- 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
-
What are the basic attributes of cells?
- -Cell function limits cell size.
- -Cells need to exchange nutrients and wastes with the enviroment.
- -No part of the cell can be far away from the external enviroment.
-
The ________ encloses the cell and allows interactions between the cell and its enviroment.
plasma membrane
-
Each cell is surrounded by an extremely thin, rather fluid membrane called the ______.
plasma membrane
-
The plasma membrane's 3 functions are?
- 1. Isolates cell's internal from external enviroment.
- 2. Regulates flow of materials in and out of cells.
- 3. Allows interactions with other cells.
-
Use lenses, usually made of glass of quartz, to focus light rays that either pass through or bounce off a specimen, thereby magnifying its image.
light microscopes
-
Uses beams of electrons instead of light, which are focused by magnetic fields rather than by lenses.
Electron microscopes
-
Bounce electrons off speciments that have been coated with metals and provide three-dimensional images.
Scanning electron microscopes
-
Consists of all the fluid and structures that lie inside the plasma membrane, but outside of the nucleus.
cytoplasm
-
The fluid portion of the cytoplasm in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, called the ______, contains water, salts, and an assortment of organic molecules, including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, sugars, amino acids, and nucleotides.
cytoplasmic fluid
-
There are two basic types of cells, and they include?
-
Structure of the cell surface is made up of what?
Cell wall and plasma membrane
-
Organization of Genetic Material is made up of what?
Genetic material, chromosomes, nucleus, nuclear envelope, and nucleolus.
-
Cytoplasmic Structures are made up of what?
Mitochondria, chloroplast, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Lysosomes, Plastids, central vacuole, other vesicles and vacuoles, cytoskeleton, centioles, cilia, and flagella.
-
A membrane-enclosed structure found inside a eukaryotic cell that performs a specific function.
organelle
-
A network of protein fibers in the cytoplasm that gives shape to a cell, holds and moves organelles, and is typically involved in a cell movement.
cytoskeleton
-
The outer surfaces of plants, fungi, and some protists are covered with nonliving, relatively stiff coatings called _______ that support and protect the delicate plasma membrane.
cell wall
-
A short, hair-like, motile projection from the surface of certain eukaryotic cells that contains microtubules in a 9 + 2 arrangement.
cilia
-
A long, hair-like, motile extension of the plasma membrane, in eukaryotic cells, it contains microtubules arranged in a 9 +2 pattern.
flagella
-
In animal cells, a short, barrel-shaped ring consisteing of nine microtubule triplets.
centrioles
-
The _____ is an organelle (usually the largest in the cell) consisting of three major parts: the nuclear envelope, chromatin, and the nucleolus.
nucleus
-
The double-membrane system surrounding the nucleus of eukaryotic cells: the outer membrane is typically continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.
nuclear envelope
-
The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes.
chromatin
-
A DNA double helix together with proteins that help to organize and regulate the use of the DNA.
chromosome
-
The region of teh eukaryotic nucleus that is engaged in ribosome synthesis; consists of the genes encoding ribosomal RNA, newly synthesized ribosomal RNA, and ribosomal proteins.
nucleolus
-
Is a small particle composed of ribosomal RNA and proteins that serves as a kind of "workbench" for the synthesis of proteins within the cell cytoplasm.
ribosome
-
|
|
